1 00:00:07,099 --> 00:00:04,849 good morning welcome to Kennedy Space 2 00:00:09,320 --> 00:00:07,109 Center we're here to commemorate the 3 00:00:11,720 --> 00:00:09,330 decade of flying in the yes on 4 00:00:13,700 --> 00:00:11,730 International Space Station NASA's 5 00:00:14,930 --> 00:00:13,710 observing a decade of human life work 6 00:00:17,090 --> 00:00:14,940 and research aboard the space station 7 00:00:18,680 --> 00:00:17,100 and we're kicking off the roundtable 8 00:00:20,810 --> 00:00:18,690 discussion here at Kennedy Space Center 9 00:00:22,370 --> 00:00:20,820 we be followed by discussions at Johnson 10 00:00:24,679 --> 00:00:22,380 Space Center Marshall Space Flight 11 00:00:26,570 --> 00:00:24,689 Center and NASA headquarters so 12 00:00:27,560 --> 00:00:26,580 introduce our panelists will have some 13 00:00:29,419 --> 00:00:27,570 discussions and then we'll go to 14 00:00:32,659 --> 00:00:29,429 questions so first I'd like to introduce 15 00:00:34,970 --> 00:00:32,669 our Center Director Bob Cabana also for 16 00:00:37,729 --> 00:00:34,980 time shuttle veteran next we have Josie 17 00:00:39,619 --> 00:00:37,739 Burnett the KSC International Space 18 00:00:42,080 --> 00:00:39,629 Station and spacecraft processing 19 00:00:43,639 --> 00:00:42,090 director sitting next to her we have 20 00:00:45,920 --> 00:00:43,649 bill Dowdell the International Space 21 00:00:49,340 --> 00:00:45,930 Station and spacecraft processing deputy 22 00:00:50,720 --> 00:00:49,350 director for NASA and we have David 23 00:00:53,049 --> 00:00:50,730 buffet the director of the Boeing 24 00:00:56,270 --> 00:00:53,059 companies program management development 25 00:00:59,090 --> 00:00:56,280 so we'll start our discussion today with 26 00:01:01,939 --> 00:00:59,100 let's talk about what did it take to get 27 00:01:03,729 --> 00:01:01,949 ready here at KSC for that very first 28 00:01:07,250 --> 00:01:03,739 flight for the National Space Station 29 00:01:09,469 --> 00:01:07,260 well we were all in a lot different 30 00:01:11,690 --> 00:01:09,479 positions back then it was a long time 31 00:01:13,609 --> 00:01:11,700 ago but the thing I remember most was 32 00:01:15,289 --> 00:01:13,619 the initial plan for a space station 33 00:01:18,200 --> 00:01:15,299 with ship and chip get it to the cape 34 00:01:21,410 --> 00:01:18,210 and launched to space and what really 35 00:01:23,749 --> 00:01:21,420 transpired was a lot different and we 36 00:01:25,310 --> 00:01:23,759 did a lot of testing and David day maybe 37 00:01:28,310 --> 00:01:25,320 you'd like to talk about how do we get 38 00:01:30,950 --> 00:01:28,320 going on that integrated testing that we 39 00:01:32,630 --> 00:01:30,960 ended up did in the miit was it so can I 40 00:01:36,380 --> 00:01:32,640 step back just a little bit a little bit 41 00:01:37,910 --> 00:01:36,390 about before we got to Mei T it was I 42 00:01:40,910 --> 00:01:37,920 really appreciate the fact that one 43 00:01:43,249 --> 00:01:40,920 things that case he did it back in that 44 00:01:45,770 --> 00:01:43,259 day I was in Huntsville and we were in a 45 00:01:48,499 --> 00:01:45,780 factory environment and KSC sent a group 46 00:01:50,480 --> 00:01:48,509 of people up to Huntsville I'd included 47 00:01:53,300 --> 00:01:50,490 folks like bill Parsons was one mark 48 00:01:56,749 --> 00:01:53,310 walsh and mark drones others and tried 49 00:01:59,209 --> 00:01:56,759 to prepare us for the environment of the 50 00:02:02,480 --> 00:01:59,219 lost sight we had no clue what we were 51 00:02:04,069 --> 00:02:02,490 coming into having had in a factory 52 00:02:05,539 --> 00:02:04,079 where we it was all our equipment we 53 00:02:09,020 --> 00:02:05,549 could do what we wanted we could do when 54 00:02:12,380 --> 00:02:09,030 we want it they tried to to tell us in 55 00:02:14,090 --> 00:02:12,390 advance about the level of integration 56 00:02:16,370 --> 00:02:14,100 between the different elements that 57 00:02:18,830 --> 00:02:16,380 would be required they tried to tell us 58 00:02:22,490 --> 00:02:18,840 about working with multiple elements 59 00:02:25,940 --> 00:02:22,500 here they try to tell us about the level 60 00:02:29,120 --> 00:02:25,950 of safety that the sensitivity to that 61 00:02:32,090 --> 00:02:29,130 at KSC but despite all their efforts to 62 00:02:34,130 --> 00:02:32,100 to prepare us it was still quite a shot 63 00:02:38,270 --> 00:02:34,140 you know it was having been kind of 64 00:02:40,160 --> 00:02:38,280 isolated to come here and then see when 65 00:02:43,250 --> 00:02:40,170 you get to the launch site everything 66 00:02:45,860 --> 00:02:43,260 steps up it was quite an adjustment for 67 00:02:49,640 --> 00:02:45,870 us and it was a lot of fun my plan was 68 00:02:51,560 --> 00:02:49,650 to come here for two weeks and go back I 69 00:02:54,470 --> 00:02:51,570 was not going to like it here I was from 70 00:02:56,120 --> 00:02:54,480 Huntsville that was home but once I got 71 00:02:57,650 --> 00:02:56,130 here I fell in love with the place with 72 00:03:00,560 --> 00:02:57,660 the people with the work with the pace 73 00:03:02,780 --> 00:03:00,570 it was an exciting and exciting time and 74 00:03:04,340 --> 00:03:02,790 things were coming from everywhere we 75 00:03:06,860 --> 00:03:04,350 partnered we partnered with you two day 76 00:03:09,680 --> 00:03:06,870 I mean the NASA the NASA Boeing team or 77 00:03:11,660 --> 00:03:09,690 was NASA rocketdyne NASA McDonnell 78 00:03:13,250 --> 00:03:11,670 Douglas and that's a boy Huntsville it 79 00:03:14,600 --> 00:03:13,260 was a partnership all the groups that 80 00:03:16,610 --> 00:03:14,610 went to those various sites that brought 81 00:03:18,680 --> 00:03:16,620 the hardware the Florida it was like we 82 00:03:20,900 --> 00:03:18,690 were we were your spokesperson for the 83 00:03:22,400 --> 00:03:20,910 rest of the the KSC rules and 84 00:03:24,500 --> 00:03:22,410 regulations and how we do business and 85 00:03:26,840 --> 00:03:24,510 that sort of thing so that coming to 86 00:03:29,180 --> 00:03:26,850 meet you guys at the factory and then 87 00:03:30,650 --> 00:03:29,190 get a hardware to Florida that was part 88 00:03:32,300 --> 00:03:30,660 of developing the team and that's I 89 00:03:33,770 --> 00:03:32,310 think also one of the reasons why we 90 00:03:35,449 --> 00:03:33,780 were successful when we were able to get 91 00:03:37,610 --> 00:03:35,459 to the the test part you were talking 92 00:03:39,440 --> 00:03:37,620 about Bob so I and I think you know the 93 00:03:40,970 --> 00:03:39,450 hardware was a challenge and I remember 94 00:03:43,400 --> 00:03:40,980 seeing the node when it was an aluminum 95 00:03:45,740 --> 00:03:43,410 shell at Huntsville and then watching it 96 00:03:47,960 --> 00:03:45,750 progress and all it went through down 97 00:03:50,630 --> 00:03:47,970 here but I think more than the hardware 98 00:03:52,580 --> 00:03:50,640 it was the software I remember all the 99 00:03:55,940 --> 00:03:52,590 testing that we did out at the sunny 100 00:03:57,860 --> 00:03:55,950 Carter facility and you know all that we 101 00:04:00,170 --> 00:03:57,870 found there but yet when we brought it 102 00:04:02,660 --> 00:04:00,180 here we made use of the extra time with 103 00:04:05,030 --> 00:04:02,670 the integrated testing we did here the 104 00:04:07,759 --> 00:04:05,040 meid testing and we found a ton of stuff 105 00:04:09,860 --> 00:04:07,769 on a software that that we were able to 106 00:04:11,090 --> 00:04:09,870 fix on the ground I remember when we 107 00:04:13,310 --> 00:04:11,100 sent the commands from the half flight 108 00:04:15,650 --> 00:04:13,320 deck to power up the space station for 109 00:04:17,569 --> 00:04:15,660 the first time I mean nobody was more 110 00:04:19,729 --> 00:04:17,579 surprised than me when it all worked I 111 00:04:21,440 --> 00:04:19,739 mean everything was perfect but it was 112 00:04:25,279 --> 00:04:21,450 perfect because of all the work that we 113 00:04:26,090 --> 00:04:25,289 did and as well as everybody worked how 114 00:04:27,830 --> 00:04:26,100 hard they work to make 115 00:04:29,510 --> 00:04:27,840 it right before it got here it was a 116 00:04:32,360 --> 00:04:29,520 work that was done at KSC that made it 117 00:04:33,680 --> 00:04:32,370 possible to really work on orbit so the 118 00:04:35,630 --> 00:04:33,690 role that we've been talking about is 119 00:04:37,220 --> 00:04:35,640 really it was a unique role for KSC back 120 00:04:39,230 --> 00:04:37,230 then you know traditionally we were 121 00:04:40,430 --> 00:04:39,240 payloads were brought to KSC and we 122 00:04:42,710 --> 00:04:40,440 processed we did all the ground 123 00:04:44,210 --> 00:04:42,720 processing at the launch site and what 124 00:04:46,670 --> 00:04:44,220 we were asked to do was go out to the 125 00:04:48,470 --> 00:04:46,680 factories like to David some factory in 126 00:04:52,070 --> 00:04:48,480 Boeing Huntsville and in other places 127 00:04:53,480 --> 00:04:52,080 and to incorporate our expertise and try 128 00:04:56,620 --> 00:04:53,490 to prepare folks for the launch site 129 00:04:58,760 --> 00:04:56,630 like he'd said it included the sides our 130 00:05:00,500 --> 00:04:58,770 government our contractors in the US 131 00:05:02,240 --> 00:05:00,510 government international partners as 132 00:05:03,800 --> 00:05:02,250 well and so one of the key elements in 133 00:05:06,590 --> 00:05:03,810 those first six flights first seven 134 00:05:09,170 --> 00:05:06,600 flights um was the space station the 135 00:05:11,300 --> 00:05:09,180 Canadian robotic arm the SSR MS and it 136 00:05:12,830 --> 00:05:11,310 was it was the only international 137 00:05:14,930 --> 00:05:12,840 element at the time that was in the 138 00:05:17,060 --> 00:05:14,940 critical path for us succeeding to him 139 00:05:19,160 --> 00:05:17,070 to establishing that initial phase a for 140 00:05:21,290 --> 00:05:19,170 the space station and my role back then 141 00:05:24,260 --> 00:05:21,300 was to do like build it and others that 142 00:05:26,420 --> 00:05:24,270 David talked about but go to Canada with 143 00:05:27,890 --> 00:05:26,430 our international partners and and I'm 144 00:05:29,690 --> 00:05:27,900 work with the at the time it was spar 145 00:05:31,550 --> 00:05:29,700 butts the macdonald dettwiler folks so 146 00:05:33,230 --> 00:05:31,560 the difference there was we were dealing 147 00:05:34,580 --> 00:05:33,240 with an international partner I was on 148 00:05:36,590 --> 00:05:34,590 we were working with another government 149 00:05:38,360 --> 00:05:36,600 it wasn't just you know another 150 00:05:40,880 --> 00:05:38,370 contractor it was another government and 151 00:05:42,770 --> 00:05:40,890 and it was a contractor that had done 152 00:05:44,180 --> 00:05:42,780 business with with NASA for quite a bit 153 00:05:45,710 --> 00:05:44,190 of time so you know that the experience 154 00:05:47,720 --> 00:05:45,720 at the launch site they had plenty of 155 00:05:49,910 --> 00:05:47,730 experience that the launch site but what 156 00:05:52,760 --> 00:05:49,920 the value that I brought to that team at 157 00:05:54,890 --> 00:05:52,770 the time was the miit they knew that we 158 00:05:56,870 --> 00:05:54,900 needed to do a ground test they knew 159 00:05:59,120 --> 00:05:56,880 that um we knew that the ship and shoot 160 00:06:01,370 --> 00:05:59,130 was was not the right answer and that 161 00:06:02,990 --> 00:06:01,380 there would be time to do a full up 162 00:06:05,180 --> 00:06:03,000 integrated test with the canadian armed 163 00:06:07,340 --> 00:06:05,190 and the US lab and be able to flush out 164 00:06:09,260 --> 00:06:07,350 some of those software problems and we 165 00:06:11,840 --> 00:06:09,270 did we found some we film we felt 166 00:06:13,490 --> 00:06:11,850 morally software to if I wasn't a 167 00:06:14,630 --> 00:06:13,500 Russian American power converter or 168 00:06:15,830 --> 00:06:14,640 American Russian power converter 169 00:06:19,820 --> 00:06:15,840 something like that that was that was 170 00:06:21,800 --> 00:06:19,830 bad and an Mei is our nothing again it's 171 00:06:23,840 --> 00:06:21,810 been a while but as I remembers I think 172 00:06:26,210 --> 00:06:23,850 was you know our old boss tipped alone 173 00:06:27,350 --> 00:06:26,220 work with mr. Abby and work with the 174 00:06:30,680 --> 00:06:27,360 course Jay Honeycutt as a senator 175 00:06:31,730 --> 00:06:30,690 director here at the time and Danny 176 00:06:36,020 --> 00:06:31,740 crossed i guess was in the vehicle 177 00:06:37,580 --> 00:06:36,030 office and to get em EIT in place and of 178 00:06:38,230 --> 00:06:37,590 course bill painter was a dis oft where 179 00:06:40,779 --> 00:06:38,240 guy and he 180 00:06:42,129 --> 00:06:40,789 part and parcel that whole deal so it 181 00:06:45,129 --> 00:06:42,139 was a good thing we did it and we found 182 00:06:47,320 --> 00:06:45,139 a lot David David I know you found a ton 183 00:06:49,120 --> 00:06:47,330 of stuff on in the lab the purple DS 184 00:06:51,969 --> 00:06:49,130 have came up the computers crashed or 185 00:06:53,950 --> 00:06:51,979 whatever yep so you know I've been 186 00:06:56,589 --> 00:06:53,960 meaning to ask you since since I was the 187 00:06:59,020 --> 00:06:56,599 trust guy and we had the power on the 188 00:07:03,999 --> 00:06:59,030 trusses we never have gotten your power 189 00:07:07,779 --> 00:07:04,009 deposit I think you still owe us you 190 00:07:09,249 --> 00:07:07,789 still have regulated a okay here's okay 191 00:07:10,839 --> 00:07:09,259 thank you very service thank you very 192 00:07:12,760 --> 00:07:10,849 much let the record show will give it my 193 00:07:15,370 --> 00:07:12,770 get fifty cents and mr. Sorenson yes but 194 00:07:19,029 --> 00:07:15,380 there's okay there you go okay but 195 00:07:21,520 --> 00:07:19,039 anyway Mei T was a it was a it was a 196 00:07:23,020 --> 00:07:21,530 very exciting time for us because we had 197 00:07:24,249 --> 00:07:23,030 flight crews in the building we were 198 00:07:25,719 --> 00:07:24,259 trying to run as close to flight 199 00:07:27,939 --> 00:07:25,729 procedures as possible we're trying to 200 00:07:29,439 --> 00:07:27,949 get z1 and p6 as close to the lab as 201 00:07:32,909 --> 00:07:29,449 wiki gex we couldn't get David to move 202 00:07:35,350 --> 00:07:32,919 so it was the SS PF looked like a 203 00:07:37,480 --> 00:07:35,360 plumbing and electrical nightmare of 204 00:07:38,379 --> 00:07:37,490 sorts you know but it was it was 205 00:07:39,999 --> 00:07:38,389 interesting getting everything close 206 00:07:41,830 --> 00:07:40,009 enough together you get to lash it 207 00:07:45,279 --> 00:07:41,840 together power data cooling all that and 208 00:07:46,839 --> 00:07:45,289 then flip the switch so we made a lot of 209 00:07:49,209 --> 00:07:46,849 changes to the flight crew procedures 210 00:07:52,420 --> 00:07:49,219 when we were going through all that it 211 00:07:53,860 --> 00:07:52,430 really helped you can you can work stuff 212 00:07:54,999 --> 00:07:53,870 in a lab you can work it on a simulator 213 00:07:57,670 --> 00:07:55,009 all you want but when you're actually 214 00:07:59,110 --> 00:07:57,680 dealing with the real hardware you know 215 00:08:01,060 --> 00:07:59,120 that's when you can really PV the 216 00:08:02,529 --> 00:08:01,070 procedures and get them right I remember 217 00:08:06,730 --> 00:08:02,539 when we were we went over to rush of the 218 00:08:08,830 --> 00:08:06,740 train on the FGB and I think the best 219 00:08:11,860 --> 00:08:08,840 thing about the flight home we were on 220 00:08:13,770 --> 00:08:11,870 the NASA chartered flight in Sergei 221 00:08:17,020 --> 00:08:13,780 krikalev and I it took all our notes 222 00:08:21,189 --> 00:08:17,030 from the testing that we had done over 223 00:08:22,779 --> 00:08:21,199 there and we grabbed the fao folks of 224 00:08:25,420 --> 00:08:22,789 procedure writers we got them together 225 00:08:27,670 --> 00:08:25,430 and we sat down in on that flight home 226 00:08:29,589 --> 00:08:27,680 we wrote the procedures that we used on 227 00:08:32,589 --> 00:08:29,599 orbit we made all the corrections to 228 00:08:35,110 --> 00:08:32,599 what we had head and you know it really 229 00:08:37,620 --> 00:08:35,120 there's nothing like being with the real 230 00:08:40,510 --> 00:08:37,630 hardware to actually get things right 231 00:08:42,670 --> 00:08:40,520 you know and we'd be remiss if we didn't 232 00:08:44,079 --> 00:08:42,680 bring it up you mentioned George Abby 233 00:08:46,269 --> 00:08:44,089 and there was a lot that led up to those 234 00:08:48,579 --> 00:08:46,279 hardware testing that we did I will 235 00:08:51,430 --> 00:08:48,589 never forget the the George Abby 236 00:08:52,310 --> 00:08:51,440 Saturday reviews the gassers every 237 00:08:56,540 --> 00:08:52,320 saturday from 238 00:08:59,420 --> 00:08:56,550 eight to noon or longer every manager 239 00:09:01,490 --> 00:08:59,430 senior manager briefing his system why 240 00:09:03,410 --> 00:09:01,500 it was behind and and all the work that 241 00:09:05,810 --> 00:09:03,420 we had to do to get space to enjoy all 242 00:09:08,540 --> 00:09:05,820 that I remember the connector issues and 243 00:09:10,250 --> 00:09:08,550 all connectors and you know all the all 244 00:09:11,780 --> 00:09:10,260 that we went through to make sure that 245 00:09:14,630 --> 00:09:11,790 everything was right to try and make 246 00:09:16,040 --> 00:09:14,640 schedule it was 7am in canoga park that 247 00:09:18,530 --> 00:09:16,050 i had to be in mr. voice Mitchell's 248 00:09:21,200 --> 00:09:18,540 office for the ten o'clock nine o'clock 249 00:09:22,640 --> 00:09:21,210 whatever central time with mr. Abby I 250 00:09:24,200 --> 00:09:22,650 remember that well so mr. Mitchell the 251 00:09:26,420 --> 00:09:24,210 vice president was in there and all his 252 00:09:29,930 --> 00:09:26,430 senior staff and it was a there I was I 253 00:09:32,120 --> 00:09:29,940 wasn't sure why I was there but it was 254 00:09:34,310 --> 00:09:32,130 interesting you know you made a good 255 00:09:35,540 --> 00:09:34,320 point a few minutes ago I'd like to to 256 00:09:37,850 --> 00:09:35,550 expand a little bit and that was you 257 00:09:40,100 --> 00:09:37,860 talked about seeing that node one at the 258 00:09:42,620 --> 00:09:40,110 time just being a shell up there in 259 00:09:44,500 --> 00:09:42,630 Huntsville you know it I want to make 260 00:09:47,870 --> 00:09:44,510 sure that as we sit here and talk about 261 00:09:49,850 --> 00:09:47,880 what happened here at KSC and a lot of 262 00:09:52,400 --> 00:09:49,860 those the gassers and the S Tom's and 263 00:09:54,860 --> 00:09:52,410 the other meetings that we had I want to 264 00:09:58,490 --> 00:09:54,870 highlight the the the fact that the 265 00:10:02,810 --> 00:09:58,500 design centers were they took this from 266 00:10:06,110 --> 00:10:02,820 idea to reality and then then we took it 267 00:10:09,020 --> 00:10:06,120 that last little bit but the you know 268 00:10:12,170 --> 00:10:09,030 the notion the idea and the requirement 269 00:10:13,820 --> 00:10:12,180 that they did their work there they 270 00:10:15,680 --> 00:10:13,830 handed it to us and then they continued 271 00:10:18,320 --> 00:10:15,690 to support us all the way through until 272 00:10:19,760 --> 00:10:18,330 we got on orbit was just fantastic and 273 00:10:22,100 --> 00:10:19,770 we you know we just wouldn't have been 274 00:10:25,220 --> 00:10:22,110 successful if they hadn't hung in there 275 00:10:27,200 --> 00:10:25,230 and stayed with us and I also remember 276 00:10:29,810 --> 00:10:27,210 the feeling of being overwhelmed in 277 00:10:31,280 --> 00:10:29,820 those gassers at what was you know we 278 00:10:34,880 --> 00:10:31,290 just had a few things here but the high 279 00:10:38,330 --> 00:10:34,890 bay was full and the S SPF and and the 280 00:10:39,740 --> 00:10:38,340 train of things that were coming and we 281 00:10:41,570 --> 00:10:39,750 had to get things done and get it behind 282 00:10:43,790 --> 00:10:41,580 us get on to the next one how lucky we 283 00:10:46,340 --> 00:10:43,800 were yeah yeah once we got going I mean 284 00:10:47,600 --> 00:10:46,350 seeing the SS PF fill up with hardware 285 00:10:49,520 --> 00:10:47,610 where we couldn't even keep it all in 286 00:10:52,420 --> 00:10:49,530 there we had to use the ONC hi bata 287 00:10:54,800 --> 00:10:52,430 stack up you know trust structure in it 288 00:10:57,940 --> 00:10:54,810 once it got going it was truly amazing 289 00:11:02,300 --> 00:10:57,950 went in fact when you consider you know 290 00:11:04,640 --> 00:11:02,310 NASA in the United States Japan Canada 291 00:11:06,140 --> 00:11:04,650 ISA and all its partners Russia all that 292 00:11:08,780 --> 00:11:06,150 hardware built from around the 293 00:11:10,370 --> 00:11:08,790 world some of the international hardware 294 00:11:12,290 --> 00:11:10,380 being flown here and tested prior to 295 00:11:13,940 --> 00:11:12,300 going up but all of it built all over 296 00:11:15,350 --> 00:11:13,950 the world coming together on orbit for 297 00:11:18,110 --> 00:11:15,360 the first time in heaven everything work 298 00:11:20,030 --> 00:11:18,120 when you the success that we have had on 299 00:11:21,170 --> 00:11:20,040 orbit the wall of EBA everybody said 300 00:11:23,120 --> 00:11:21,180 you're never going to be able to do all 301 00:11:25,820 --> 00:11:23,130 those cvas and look at I'm a sittin at 302 00:11:27,530 --> 00:11:25,830 the frr Friday in in five and a half 303 00:11:29,300 --> 00:11:27,540 minutes with computer graphics they went 304 00:11:31,250 --> 00:11:29,310 through the EBA sit there going to do 305 00:11:34,580 --> 00:11:31,260 and it's like well I'm glad they're not 306 00:11:36,830 --> 00:11:34,590 complicated you know but it's it's 307 00:11:38,360 --> 00:11:36,840 unbelievable when you consider all that 308 00:11:40,010 --> 00:11:38,370 we've accomplished in how well we've 309 00:11:42,110 --> 00:11:40,020 done it and then you throw on top of it 310 00:11:44,480 --> 00:11:42,120 all the different cultures and you know 311 00:11:46,640 --> 00:11:44,490 what we've had to overcome it is a 312 00:11:48,380 --> 00:11:46,650 phenomenal engineering in human 313 00:11:50,150 --> 00:11:48,390 achievement that the space station is 314 00:11:52,520 --> 00:11:50,160 today and to think that we've been on 315 00:11:56,030 --> 00:11:52,530 orbit now with humans for solid for ten 316 00:11:59,450 --> 00:11:56,040 years that's amazing it's one of one of 317 00:12:02,450 --> 00:11:59,460 the things that comes to mind that I 318 00:12:04,460 --> 00:12:02,460 learned on this program and have since 319 00:12:06,830 --> 00:12:04,470 learned in other ways but it was really 320 00:12:09,460 --> 00:12:06,840 brought home here is the universal 321 00:12:12,680 --> 00:12:09,470 language of a good engineering drawing 322 00:12:15,200 --> 00:12:12,690 it doesn't matter where it came from in 323 00:12:17,180 --> 00:12:15,210 the world if it's a good drawing and a 324 00:12:19,760 --> 00:12:17,190 good design you can follow it you can 325 00:12:21,230 --> 00:12:19,770 use it you can read it you know mom I'm 326 00:12:24,170 --> 00:12:21,240 sorry I was just to say I think that's 327 00:12:26,510 --> 00:12:24,180 one of the key things at a working-level 328 00:12:28,900 --> 00:12:26,520 you know there's always politics and in 329 00:12:30,710 --> 00:12:28,910 it a high international level 330 00:12:32,600 --> 00:12:30,720 negotiations get tough I remember 331 00:12:34,070 --> 00:12:32,610 sitting through all the negotiations we 332 00:12:35,810 --> 00:12:34,080 had on the crew code of conduct and 333 00:12:38,600 --> 00:12:35,820 getting international agreements I mean 334 00:12:40,550 --> 00:12:38,610 everything in place it's hard but when 335 00:12:42,860 --> 00:12:40,560 you sat down with a technical issue the 336 00:12:44,330 --> 00:12:42,870 engineers working with each other it 337 00:12:47,060 --> 00:12:44,340 language wasn't a barrier we had a 338 00:12:48,800 --> 00:12:47,070 common language to get things done and 339 00:12:50,270 --> 00:12:48,810 along those lines with the international 340 00:12:53,270 --> 00:12:50,280 partners and the technical solutions 341 00:12:54,800 --> 00:12:53,280 that we had to evolving into them the 342 00:12:55,940 --> 00:12:54,810 one key point is even though we were 343 00:12:57,530 --> 00:12:55,950 coming at it from different points of 344 00:12:59,210 --> 00:12:57,540 view everybody was after that common 345 00:13:00,800 --> 00:12:59,220 goal what do we need to do to make it 346 00:13:02,870 --> 00:13:00,810 work you know we've got a deadline we've 347 00:13:04,280 --> 00:13:02,880 got our hardware or software what what 348 00:13:05,600 --> 00:13:04,290 is it we need to do and the thing I 349 00:13:08,390 --> 00:13:05,610 learned from a lot of those discussions 350 00:13:10,310 --> 00:13:08,400 I was an engineer at the time was the 351 00:13:12,530 --> 00:13:10,320 the different approaches so our 352 00:13:15,440 --> 00:13:12,540 international partners they think 353 00:13:17,180 --> 00:13:15,450 differently not all of the engineering 354 00:13:17,670 --> 00:13:17,190 solutions are come to in the same manner 355 00:13:21,269 --> 00:13:17,680 the 356 00:13:23,880 --> 00:13:21,279 were going towards a common goal just 357 00:13:26,250 --> 00:13:23,890 made it all that more much more special 358 00:13:28,079 --> 00:13:26,260 and I think a lot of our success was due 359 00:13:29,370 --> 00:13:28,089 to the fact that we had an open mind we 360 00:13:31,829 --> 00:13:29,380 could look at how these different 361 00:13:33,750 --> 00:13:31,839 problems needed to be solved and we just 362 00:13:35,280 --> 00:13:33,760 work together it was an achievement from 363 00:13:38,340 --> 00:13:35,290 a hardware standpoint but also a 364 00:13:39,900 --> 00:13:38,350 relationship in a people standpoint just 365 00:13:42,210 --> 00:13:39,910 you know some of the best memories I 366 00:13:43,680 --> 00:13:42,220 have of my entire career where the early 367 00:13:45,540 --> 00:13:43,690 days the station working on i'm 368 00:13:47,370 --> 00:13:45,550 @hardwick trying to you know no 369 00:13:50,550 --> 00:13:47,380 Saturday's my Saturday's were dedicated 370 00:13:53,010 --> 00:13:50,560 to work and you know yet other you know 371 00:13:55,139 --> 00:13:53,020 people sides of things so so David and I 372 00:13:59,130 --> 00:13:55,149 used to and Bill as well we used to 373 00:14:00,990 --> 00:13:59,140 brief our deputy program manager you 374 00:14:03,120 --> 00:14:01,000 know every day almost on the status of 375 00:14:06,000 --> 00:14:03,130 our hardware and so David you worked 376 00:14:08,970 --> 00:14:06,010 bill worked element 3a 4a so to a went 377 00:14:12,240 --> 00:14:08,980 first element 3a for one second David 378 00:14:15,269 --> 00:14:12,250 the lab what 5a went went 3rd and then I 379 00:14:20,220 --> 00:14:15,279 was after David on the element 6a and I 380 00:14:22,050 --> 00:14:20,230 was almost guaranteed to see if let how 381 00:14:24,090 --> 00:14:22,060 do I say this David always spun 382 00:14:25,530 --> 00:14:24,100 everybody up with the lab and so I was 383 00:14:28,320 --> 00:14:25,540 almost guaranteed to have a good 384 00:14:31,470 --> 00:14:28,330 reception whatever came to be when I by 385 00:14:33,210 --> 00:14:31,480 the time that's exactly true so that you 386 00:14:36,030 --> 00:14:33,220 know that but that brings up a very good 387 00:14:37,710 --> 00:14:36,040 point is that during those times and I 388 00:14:40,140 --> 00:14:37,720 don't want to make it to sound like 389 00:14:42,360 --> 00:14:40,150 anyone who wasn't with us during that 390 00:14:44,220 --> 00:14:42,370 time that it was all problems the things 391 00:14:45,360 --> 00:14:44,230 that went smoothly just went smoothly 392 00:14:47,100 --> 00:14:45,370 you know they don't stand out in your 393 00:14:50,220 --> 00:14:47,110 mind it's the times that we had 394 00:14:52,530 --> 00:14:50,230 something we had to pull together solve 395 00:14:54,630 --> 00:14:52,540 the find a solution together someone who 396 00:14:56,490 --> 00:14:54,640 had faced the problem before come over 397 00:15:00,740 --> 00:14:56,500 and help us fix it we pull on the design 398 00:15:04,019 --> 00:15:00,750 centers I recall what a surprise it was 399 00:15:05,400 --> 00:15:04,029 when and it started with 2a and it went 400 00:15:07,710 --> 00:15:05,410 all the way through i guess maybe the 401 00:15:10,079 --> 00:15:07,720 lab it was the so complicated that we 402 00:15:12,240 --> 00:15:10,089 had so many issues there was that the 403 00:15:17,160 --> 00:15:12,250 bigger the issue the more challenging it 404 00:15:20,579 --> 00:15:17,170 was a poorly one program dives in on 405 00:15:22,769 --> 00:15:20,589 people and kills the messenger but what 406 00:15:24,420 --> 00:15:22,779 we what i found especially back in those 407 00:15:26,069 --> 00:15:24,430 days and i assume it's the same way 408 00:15:28,380 --> 00:15:26,079 today with the leadership is when you 409 00:15:29,020 --> 00:15:28,390 encounter a problem the vistas open up 410 00:15:31,750 --> 00:15:29,030 how can we 411 00:15:33,550 --> 00:15:31,760 and let's go find a solution in it and 412 00:15:35,740 --> 00:15:33,560 the walls come down and the barriers go 413 00:15:37,600 --> 00:15:35,750 away and the badges turn the same color 414 00:15:39,580 --> 00:15:37,610 and we just go find a solution yeah 415 00:15:41,920 --> 00:15:39,590 you'd say I can remember Jay Greene and 416 00:15:43,180 --> 00:15:41,930 those the meeting said you know I when 417 00:15:44,530 --> 00:15:43,190 we came up with something like that he 418 00:15:46,780 --> 00:15:44,540 would tell you I will clear my calendar 419 00:15:48,460 --> 00:15:46,790 and we'll figure out how we need to make 420 00:15:49,860 --> 00:15:48,470 time who we need to get involved to go 421 00:15:51,610 --> 00:15:49,870 fair out how to solve this problem and 422 00:15:53,500 --> 00:15:51,620 it would be later in the afternoon 423 00:15:54,640 --> 00:15:53,510 typically a new board where we'd have 424 00:15:56,560 --> 00:15:54,650 that discussion be later in the 425 00:15:58,000 --> 00:15:56,570 afternoon we convene something as after 426 00:15:59,230 --> 00:15:58,010 we had some time to go get the right 427 00:16:01,570 --> 00:15:59,240 folks together to figure out what we 428 00:16:03,040 --> 00:16:01,580 were going to do talk to our 429 00:16:06,060 --> 00:16:03,050 counterparts in the vehicle office in 430 00:16:09,040 --> 00:16:06,070 Houston and then we talked to Jay and 431 00:16:10,770 --> 00:16:09,050 see how the the thing was going to 432 00:16:14,500 --> 00:16:10,780 evolve how we were going to approach the 433 00:16:17,320 --> 00:16:14,510 solution Jay Jay was a hard taskmaster 434 00:16:18,640 --> 00:16:17,330 but I don't think we'd have a space 435 00:16:22,270 --> 00:16:18,650 station on orbit today if it weren't for 436 00:16:24,340 --> 00:16:22,280 Jay and the work that he did helping the 437 00:16:26,410 --> 00:16:24,350 team get to the right solutions in it 438 00:16:28,090 --> 00:16:26,420 when you when you came to brief him you 439 00:16:29,950 --> 00:16:28,100 better have your yet you better know 440 00:16:32,670 --> 00:16:29,960 what you were talking about yeah he had 441 00:16:36,340 --> 00:16:32,680 a very good nose for a poorly told story 442 00:16:38,440 --> 00:16:36,350 or something like that it didn't have to 443 00:16:40,420 --> 00:16:38,450 be a good story it just had to be a 444 00:16:43,180 --> 00:16:40,430 well-thought-out lyst or inaccurate Yeah 445 00:16:45,280 --> 00:16:43,190 right an actor yeah he has so much 446 00:16:47,110 --> 00:16:45,290 technical depth that there was there was 447 00:16:48,840 --> 00:16:47,120 no bamboos on that guy you were you were 448 00:16:50,890 --> 00:16:48,850 dead meat if you tried that but anyway 449 00:16:54,810 --> 00:16:50,900 it was interesting so I hope he's 450 00:16:56,740 --> 00:16:54,820 watching this now yeah thank you the the 451 00:16:58,900 --> 00:16:56,750 International aspect of it there was 452 00:17:00,040 --> 00:16:58,910 there were signs in the bay in the early 453 00:17:03,220 --> 00:17:00,050 days that were I think they were in 454 00:17:05,610 --> 00:17:03,230 japanese and italian and maybe german 455 00:17:08,530 --> 00:17:05,620 well i do you remember yeah that was I 456 00:17:10,770 --> 00:17:08,540 remember the day when I when it hit me 457 00:17:13,390 --> 00:17:10,780 that we truly were an international 458 00:17:15,580 --> 00:17:13,400 program was the little yellow signs that 459 00:17:17,590 --> 00:17:15,590 say the floor is wet just a simple 460 00:17:19,390 --> 00:17:17,600 little communication like that and I 461 00:17:21,430 --> 00:17:19,400 walked out one day and the floor was wet 462 00:17:25,320 --> 00:17:21,440 and I realized that it was in English 463 00:17:28,300 --> 00:17:25,330 and Japanese and Russian and German and 464 00:17:30,070 --> 00:17:28,310 n-butane might even have been it well I 465 00:17:31,540 --> 00:17:30,080 don't read Italian don't read any of 466 00:17:33,580 --> 00:17:31,550 those I just kind of recognized a little 467 00:17:36,100 --> 00:17:33,590 bit but it was but it truly hit home 468 00:17:37,870 --> 00:17:36,110 that the importance of communicating 469 00:17:39,190 --> 00:17:37,880 even the simple stuff to a lot of 470 00:17:40,610 --> 00:17:39,200 different people in a lot of different 471 00:17:43,640 --> 00:17:40,620 languages 472 00:17:46,070 --> 00:17:43,650 a and plus it made for a lot of fun 473 00:17:48,530 --> 00:17:46,080 because as Josie had said in those 474 00:17:52,160 --> 00:17:48,540 sometimes in those noon boards an issue 475 00:17:53,990 --> 00:17:52,170 would come up and the solution would 476 00:17:56,690 --> 00:17:54,000 simply come from a different cultural 477 00:17:59,150 --> 00:17:56,700 starting point and so as a person worked 478 00:18:01,190 --> 00:17:59,160 through to a solution several of us 479 00:18:03,320 --> 00:18:01,200 might be sitting there going what in the 480 00:18:04,790 --> 00:18:03,330 world are they thinking but as they went 481 00:18:06,080 --> 00:18:04,800 through their logic and came to how they 482 00:18:07,850 --> 00:18:06,090 arrived at it turned out to be a 483 00:18:11,660 --> 00:18:07,860 perfectly good solution it was just a 484 00:18:15,140 --> 00:18:11,670 different approach richer well first 485 00:18:16,460 --> 00:18:15,150 crew on orbit and we'll jump to the 486 00:18:18,200 --> 00:18:16,470 actual first crew that man is Space 487 00:18:20,270 --> 00:18:18,210 Station manama I come back and I got a I 488 00:18:23,990 --> 00:18:20,280 got a couple stories I got to tell but 489 00:18:25,850 --> 00:18:24,000 Shep's launch he launched on October 490 00:18:28,160 --> 00:18:25,860 thirty-first and they rendezvous Glenn 491 00:18:30,200 --> 00:18:28,170 in the space station November second so 492 00:18:31,760 --> 00:18:30,210 this October thirty-first would be the 493 00:18:34,280 --> 00:18:31,770 10-year anniversary is sent and equip 494 00:18:35,960 --> 00:18:34,290 the space station and that was Eureka 495 00:18:37,850 --> 00:18:35,970 zdenko sergei krikalev and bill Shepard 496 00:18:39,080 --> 00:18:37,860 Yuri was the commander of the Soyuz and 497 00:18:41,660 --> 00:18:39,090 bill was the commander of the space 498 00:18:43,490 --> 00:18:41,670 station and we had a huge NASA 499 00:18:45,380 --> 00:18:43,500 contingent that went over to see the 500 00:18:47,810 --> 00:18:45,390 launch and so we're flying on this 501 00:18:51,200 --> 00:18:47,820 Russian airplane from Moscow down to the 502 00:18:53,480 --> 00:18:51,210 baikonur cosmodrome in kazakhstan and 503 00:18:55,730 --> 00:18:53,490 the weather was really bad and we kept 504 00:18:58,970 --> 00:18:55,740 delaying and delaying leave in Moscow 505 00:19:00,950 --> 00:18:58,980 and so we finally get in and go I mean 506 00:19:03,430 --> 00:19:00,960 it's like it's go now or we're not going 507 00:19:05,600 --> 00:19:03,440 to see the launch right so we're 508 00:19:08,090 --> 00:19:05,610 descending into our final approach 509 00:19:12,950 --> 00:19:08,100 they're at the what was the Brawn 510 00:19:16,340 --> 00:19:12,960 landing facility Jubal any at Kazakhstan 511 00:19:17,900 --> 00:19:16,350 it Baikonur and you know the pilots 512 00:19:19,490 --> 00:19:17,910 making his approach and it's cloudy out 513 00:19:21,320 --> 00:19:19,500 the windows and you know we had a bunch 514 00:19:23,510 --> 00:19:21,330 of pilots on the airplane and everything 515 00:19:24,860 --> 00:19:23,520 else and he pulls the power he's in his 516 00:19:27,440 --> 00:19:24,870 flare and i'm waiting for the wheels to 517 00:19:28,940 --> 00:19:27,450 touch down all of a sudden the power 518 00:19:32,750 --> 00:19:28,950 comes back up and I look out the window 519 00:19:37,070 --> 00:19:32,760 and all I see is dirt yeah we go up and 520 00:19:40,549 --> 00:19:37,080 we're all talking you know and he comes 521 00:19:42,110 --> 00:19:40,559 he comes in again in the same thing only 522 00:19:43,640 --> 00:19:42,120 this time the guys on one side of the 523 00:19:46,220 --> 00:19:43,650 airplane cease mint and the guys on the 524 00:19:48,860 --> 00:19:46,230 other side see dirt yeah we go around 525 00:19:52,340 --> 00:19:48,870 again the next time we landed in we got 526 00:19:53,870 --> 00:19:52,350 out to the launch pad and do you know we 527 00:19:57,170 --> 00:19:53,880 made it in time to see Shep lines 528 00:20:00,290 --> 00:19:57,180 and you know it was it was awesome you 529 00:20:02,870 --> 00:20:00,300 know the the excitement in everything 530 00:20:04,400 --> 00:20:02,880 but the rocket lifted off and it 531 00:20:06,020 --> 00:20:04,410 disappeared we never saw it again I mean 532 00:20:07,760 --> 00:20:06,030 we saw it for just a few seconds and 533 00:20:09,640 --> 00:20:07,770 that was it they were off the space 534 00:20:12,140 --> 00:20:09,650 station but that was the beginning in 535 00:20:15,140 --> 00:20:12,150 seen those guys on orbit being in the 536 00:20:17,000 --> 00:20:15,150 Mission Control Center in in Moscow when 537 00:20:18,470 --> 00:20:17,010 they opened the hatch and the three of 538 00:20:19,910 --> 00:20:18,480 them got the I can still see him you 539 00:20:22,940 --> 00:20:19,920 know putting their hands together and 540 00:20:26,060 --> 00:20:22,950 talking to our then administrator mr. 541 00:20:27,800 --> 00:20:26,070 golden and Yuri captive the head of the 542 00:20:29,930 --> 00:20:27,810 Russian space agency from up there 543 00:20:32,090 --> 00:20:29,940 starting off and we've had a crew on 544 00:20:39,110 --> 00:20:32,100 orbit ever since then for ten years that 545 00:20:40,160 --> 00:20:39,120 that's that's amazing golly so first you 546 00:20:43,220 --> 00:20:40,170 know one of the questions that i got 547 00:20:44,480 --> 00:20:43,230 from the media before we launched was 548 00:20:47,150 --> 00:20:44,490 who's going to be the first person in 549 00:20:51,560 --> 00:20:47,160 the space station and I wouldn't tell ya 550 00:20:53,800 --> 00:20:51,570 and you know oh gosh what what a neat 551 00:20:55,940 --> 00:20:53,810 flight that was I remember you know 552 00:20:59,090 --> 00:20:55,950 first off Nancy curry was just 553 00:21:00,860 --> 00:20:59,100 phenomenal with the arm lifting node one 554 00:21:02,720 --> 00:21:00,870 out of the had to be very careful with 555 00:21:06,200 --> 00:21:02,730 it you didn't I didn't want to hurt it 556 00:21:08,390 --> 00:21:06,210 David but I it was like watching grass 557 00:21:10,490 --> 00:21:08,400 grow the speed I didn't know you could 558 00:21:11,990 --> 00:21:10,500 fly the arm that slow when she lets get 559 00:21:13,460 --> 00:21:12,000 it out of the payload Bay because she 560 00:21:15,800 --> 00:21:13,470 only had a couple inches of clearance on 561 00:21:17,990 --> 00:21:15,810 either side and we got it attached to 562 00:21:20,690 --> 00:21:18,000 the orbiter docking station and then we 563 00:21:23,390 --> 00:21:20,700 were rendezvous was sorry and now it was 564 00:21:24,770 --> 00:21:23,400 pretty neat seeing it you know and 565 00:21:26,780 --> 00:21:24,780 flying it around and bringing it right 566 00:21:28,490 --> 00:21:26,790 down in the payload Bay and I couldn't 567 00:21:30,950 --> 00:21:28,500 see it out the windows because the node 568 00:21:34,220 --> 00:21:30,960 was blocking our view out the overhead 569 00:21:36,560 --> 00:21:34,230 in back windows so we were fine prox 570 00:21:38,570 --> 00:21:36,570 hops on it with a camera on the center 571 00:21:39,950 --> 00:21:38,580 line the payload Bay and another one on 572 00:21:41,840 --> 00:21:39,960 the end of the arm and so I got the two 573 00:21:43,850 --> 00:21:41,850 monitors over there and I'm keeping it 574 00:21:46,070 --> 00:21:43,860 centered up you know about three feet 575 00:21:47,240 --> 00:21:46,080 from the end of the arm so all Nancy has 576 00:21:49,130 --> 00:21:47,250 to do is reach over and grab it 577 00:21:51,200 --> 00:21:49,140 affecting the simulator the orbiter fly 578 00:21:52,490 --> 00:21:51,210 so good every night in it before she 579 00:21:55,160 --> 00:21:52,500 could reach over and grab it I just fly 580 00:21:58,760 --> 00:21:55,170 it onto the arm I didn't do that on 581 00:22:00,320 --> 00:21:58,770 orbit so but so we're fine we're waiting 582 00:22:03,080 --> 00:22:00,330 to get over a Russian ground site so 583 00:22:04,820 --> 00:22:03,090 that they can say that the the FGB is in 584 00:22:07,100 --> 00:22:04,830 free drift so that when we grapple it it 585 00:22:08,210 --> 00:22:07,110 doesn't fight the arm and break it 586 00:22:12,770 --> 00:22:08,220 and so we're just waiting to get over 587 00:22:14,799 --> 00:22:12,780 and get the Gopher for grapple so the 588 00:22:17,030 --> 00:22:14,809 orbiter maintains attitude control and 589 00:22:18,590 --> 00:22:17,040 pitch roll and yaw with the auto it's 590 00:22:20,120 --> 00:22:18,600 too hard to fly all six degrees of 591 00:22:22,549 --> 00:22:20,130 freedom at lunch so we let the autopilot 592 00:22:26,780 --> 00:22:22,559 hold attitude and then we just control 593 00:22:28,130 --> 00:22:26,790 the translations manually and the 594 00:22:30,020 --> 00:22:28,140 orbiter drifts while it's up there well 595 00:22:31,549 --> 00:22:30,030 it had drifted to the edge of the dead 596 00:22:33,320 --> 00:22:31,559 band where it has to fire the jets to 597 00:22:34,549 --> 00:22:33,330 Center things back up again and keep it 598 00:22:36,980 --> 00:22:34,559 in the right attitude when it does that 599 00:22:39,590 --> 00:22:36,990 it fires the big jets and the rolling 600 00:22:41,840 --> 00:22:39,600 couples into a translation and all of a 601 00:22:43,430 --> 00:22:41,850 sudden is 45 thousand pound mass is 602 00:22:46,370 --> 00:22:43,440 coming into the payload band toured the 603 00:22:48,169 --> 00:22:46,380 arm so I start firing the thrusters to 604 00:22:49,840 --> 00:22:48,179 back away from it and nothing happens 605 00:22:52,909 --> 00:22:49,850 we're not moving it's still coming at us 606 00:22:54,950 --> 00:22:52,919 because I was in the bead app for very 607 00:22:56,510 --> 00:22:54,960 fine attitude control and you program 608 00:22:57,770 --> 00:22:56,520 the digital auto pilot ahead of time saw 609 00:22:59,360 --> 00:22:57,780 real quick i reached over and hit the 610 00:23:01,580 --> 00:22:59,370 adap so i could get some more control 611 00:23:03,919 --> 00:23:01,590 power and it got it back to way again 612 00:23:07,490 --> 00:23:03,929 and everything and we moved back in got 613 00:23:11,140 --> 00:23:07,500 all stable again ready to jim newman who 614 00:23:14,840 --> 00:23:11,150 is he wrote you know the rendezvous 615 00:23:18,409 --> 00:23:14,850 software for the pgs see that we use our 616 00:23:20,750 --> 00:23:18,419 pop for manually backing up the 617 00:23:22,640 --> 00:23:20,760 computers and watching the rendezvous 618 00:23:23,810 --> 00:23:22,650 profound stuff all through the Rhondda 619 00:23:24,950 --> 00:23:23,820 but he's given me advice what do you 620 00:23:26,690 --> 00:23:24,960 think about a couple minutes how about 621 00:23:28,730 --> 00:23:26,700 enough you know okay you know and I'm 622 00:23:30,650 --> 00:23:28,740 watching all the data and filtering all 623 00:23:33,320 --> 00:23:30,660 this when this happened he was just 624 00:23:35,360 --> 00:23:33,330 totally silent didn't say a word so we 625 00:23:37,549 --> 00:23:35,370 got everything all sweetened up again 626 00:23:38,900 --> 00:23:37,559 we're ready to grab it I said Jim you 627 00:23:40,430 --> 00:23:38,910 didn't you didn't offer me any advice 628 00:23:44,900 --> 00:23:40,440 during any of that he says well I know 629 00:23:48,020 --> 00:23:44,910 when to keep my mouth shut I had that 630 00:23:49,789 --> 00:23:48,030 that really got our attention so anyway 631 00:23:51,770 --> 00:23:49,799 we finally got everything hooked up and 632 00:23:55,610 --> 00:23:51,780 did re VA's and it was time to go inside 633 00:23:59,570 --> 00:23:55,620 and I will never forget that that was 634 00:24:01,909 --> 00:23:59,580 really cool we opened up the the first 635 00:24:04,850 --> 00:24:01,919 hatch and we got to the where the crew 636 00:24:06,350 --> 00:24:04,860 was going to go into the PMA one to get 637 00:24:09,289 --> 00:24:06,360 access to the big hatch to get inside 638 00:24:11,600 --> 00:24:09,299 the node and I got Sergei krikalev up 639 00:24:13,280 --> 00:24:11,610 alongside me and we got the hatch open I 640 00:24:16,390 --> 00:24:13,290 just wave my arm in the two of us went 641 00:24:18,409 --> 00:24:16,400 in side-by-side and it was a 642 00:24:19,760 --> 00:24:18,419 International Space Station and we had 643 00:24:20,330 --> 00:24:19,770 an international crew and I said we're 644 00:24:23,720 --> 00:24:20,340 going to open it 645 00:24:26,090 --> 00:24:23,730 thing together but that was cool I got 646 00:24:29,990 --> 00:24:26,100 it no I'm talking about but one more 647 00:24:31,940 --> 00:24:30,000 story so we're docked with the space 648 00:24:33,590 --> 00:24:31,950 station we've got it all opened up we're 649 00:24:35,390 --> 00:24:33,600 inside everything's powered up it's 650 00:24:37,789 --> 00:24:35,400 working good and we had a ton of 651 00:24:39,620 --> 00:24:37,799 procedures that we had to do pulling 652 00:24:40,970 --> 00:24:39,630 launch restraints and everything else 653 00:24:43,159 --> 00:24:40,980 trying to get it ready for the crew to 654 00:24:46,370 --> 00:24:43,169 get up there when the service module got 655 00:24:48,529 --> 00:24:46,380 there and we had way more than what we 656 00:24:51,140 --> 00:24:48,539 could accomplish in you know you want to 657 00:24:52,730 --> 00:24:51,150 get it all done and you or more if you 658 00:24:54,080 --> 00:24:52,740 can to make it easier for the next crew 659 00:24:57,200 --> 00:24:54,090 to make it easier for the crew when they 660 00:24:59,149 --> 00:24:57,210 actually get up there and so if you were 661 00:25:01,070 --> 00:24:59,159 on a sleep schedule where you went to 662 00:25:02,090 --> 00:25:01,080 bed at eleven and got up at seven in the 663 00:25:04,850 --> 00:25:02,100 morning that was your eight hours of 664 00:25:06,620 --> 00:25:04,860 sleep I had some crew members it really 665 00:25:08,419 --> 00:25:06,630 needed eight hours and the rule was if 666 00:25:09,980 --> 00:25:08,429 you wanted to be up on a flight deck and 667 00:25:12,230 --> 00:25:09,990 send email home or look out the window 668 00:25:14,000 --> 00:25:12,240 and take pictures that was great but 669 00:25:17,840 --> 00:25:14,010 when you got to the sleep period time 670 00:25:19,850 --> 00:25:17,850 the flight the mid-deck was dark it was 671 00:25:22,370 --> 00:25:19,860 quiet you had to be really quiet not 672 00:25:25,549 --> 00:25:22,380 wake anybody up and jim newman always 673 00:25:27,139 --> 00:25:25,559 stayed up late and so he's up there and 674 00:25:29,029 --> 00:25:27,149 he says I want to go get another look at 675 00:25:32,899 --> 00:25:29,039 the space station tonight before we 676 00:25:34,820 --> 00:25:32,909 undocked the next day and so he comes 677 00:25:37,820 --> 00:25:34,830 down off the flight deck through the 678 00:25:39,860 --> 00:25:37,830 mid-deck back through where the airlock 679 00:25:41,870 --> 00:25:39,870 used to be when it was on the mid-deck 680 00:25:43,220 --> 00:25:41,880 and we moved it external in that area 681 00:25:44,899 --> 00:25:43,230 was filled with these we call them 682 00:25:46,909 --> 00:25:44,909 refrigerator bags you mounted to to the 683 00:25:48,860 --> 00:25:46,919 floor to the ceiling because we carried 684 00:25:50,720 --> 00:25:48,870 a ton of stuff up there and i was 685 00:25:52,340 --> 00:25:50,730 sleeping between two of them over on one 686 00:25:56,600 --> 00:25:52,350 side Nancy crew was between the other 687 00:25:58,659 --> 00:25:56,610 two and Jerry rawson rickster Co were in 688 00:26:01,190 --> 00:25:58,669 sleeping bags plastered to the wall and 689 00:26:02,899 --> 00:26:01,200 so he says I don't want to wake Bob you 690 00:26:05,720 --> 00:26:02,909 know and he's being real quiet as he 691 00:26:07,130 --> 00:26:05,730 sneaks by and goes into the airlock and 692 00:26:09,350 --> 00:26:07,140 turns up into the PMA and when he gets 693 00:26:13,899 --> 00:26:09,360 up there he finds me and Sergei krikalev 694 00:26:16,490 --> 00:26:13,909 into space station and the three of us 695 00:26:18,710 --> 00:26:16,500 worked through the night and I just I 696 00:26:20,779 --> 00:26:18,720 mean we talked about the future of the 697 00:26:23,389 --> 00:26:20,789 space station what it what it was what 698 00:26:24,769 --> 00:26:23,399 it meant you know this international 699 00:26:27,440 --> 00:26:24,779 cooperative effort what we were going to 700 00:26:28,940 --> 00:26:27,450 learn from it and it was just that was 701 00:26:30,350 --> 00:26:28,950 really a special night we stayed up to 702 00:26:31,730 --> 00:26:30,360 like three thirty in the morning planet 703 00:26:32,960 --> 00:26:31,740 I said we got to get some sleep guys 704 00:26:33,620 --> 00:26:32,970 it's going to be a really busy day 705 00:26:36,140 --> 00:26:33,630 tomorrow 706 00:26:37,760 --> 00:26:36,150 everybody leave and we went back to bed 707 00:26:40,460 --> 00:26:37,770 but that was a that was a special 708 00:26:43,040 --> 00:26:40,470 evening the three of us in there working 709 00:26:45,860 --> 00:26:43,050 on the space station you know talking 710 00:26:47,890 --> 00:26:45,870 about the future and and seeing what 711 00:26:49,610 --> 00:26:47,900 it's become now it's just it's 712 00:26:52,340 --> 00:26:49,620 everything that we thought it could be 713 00:26:55,340 --> 00:26:52,350 and more and I truly believe space 714 00:26:58,100 --> 00:26:55,350 station it's a fantastic scientific 715 00:27:00,260 --> 00:26:58,110 laboratory but even more so what a 716 00:27:03,560 --> 00:27:00,270 phenomenal edge and engineering test bed 717 00:27:05,810 --> 00:27:03,570 for proving the systems that we need to 718 00:27:07,790 --> 00:27:05,820 live beyond our home planet to really be 719 00:27:09,200 --> 00:27:07,800 able to go exploring and I think that's 720 00:27:13,100 --> 00:27:09,210 going to be worth what its real worth 721 00:27:14,600 --> 00:27:13,110 it's going to be so Bob you you moved 722 00:27:15,860 --> 00:27:14,610 into a position where you got to select 723 00:27:18,230 --> 00:27:15,870 astronauts were there any particular 724 00:27:20,090 --> 00:27:18,240 challenges for selecting crizzle space 725 00:27:22,250 --> 00:27:20,100 station first off we couldn't have done 726 00:27:24,440 --> 00:27:22,260 the space station had we not done 727 00:27:26,960 --> 00:27:24,450 shuttle Mir with the Russians that 728 00:27:28,580 --> 00:27:26,970 really set the how we work with our 729 00:27:32,900 --> 00:27:28,590 international partners how we work with 730 00:27:35,570 --> 00:27:32,910 the Russians that enabled us to do the 731 00:27:37,730 --> 00:27:35,580 space station and those initial space 732 00:27:39,680 --> 00:27:37,740 station crews I mean space station in 733 00:27:41,000 --> 00:27:39,690 the astronaut office back then when I 734 00:27:43,310 --> 00:27:41,010 was chief astronaut office we were 735 00:27:45,650 --> 00:27:43,320 flying 78 shuttle flights a year nine I 736 00:27:47,810 --> 00:27:45,660 mean shuttle was really booming and 737 00:27:49,940 --> 00:27:47,820 there was a lot going on and you know 738 00:27:52,940 --> 00:27:49,950 folks looked at a year training to go 739 00:27:54,710 --> 00:27:52,950 fly a shuttle mission or you know I got 740 00:27:57,290 --> 00:27:54,720 to learn Russian I got to spend two to 741 00:27:59,270 --> 00:27:57,300 three years training for a space station 742 00:28:02,120 --> 00:27:59,280 flight all this travel back and forth it 743 00:28:04,670 --> 00:28:02,130 was hard it was really hard and then the 744 00:28:07,640 --> 00:28:04,680 shuttle was designed I mean you had you 745 00:28:09,470 --> 00:28:07,650 know from the 5th to the 95th percentile 746 00:28:12,410 --> 00:28:09,480 male and female can fit in the shuttle 747 00:28:14,420 --> 00:28:12,420 it's a phenomenal vehicle as far as you 748 00:28:16,250 --> 00:28:14,430 know crew size whereas if you go to 749 00:28:19,340 --> 00:28:16,260 space station in back then it was prior 750 00:28:21,920 --> 00:28:19,350 to the tma Soyuz TMA the restrictions on 751 00:28:23,240 --> 00:28:21,930 the crew the Soyuz was the lifeboat that 752 00:28:24,560 --> 00:28:23,250 got two grew home so even if you were 753 00:28:26,960 --> 00:28:24,570 fine up and down on shuttle you had to 754 00:28:28,640 --> 00:28:26,970 fitness so use and that eliminated a 755 00:28:31,550 --> 00:28:28,650 significant number of the astronaut 756 00:28:34,070 --> 00:28:31,560 corps for being able to assign them to a 757 00:28:35,900 --> 00:28:34,080 flight and then the standards for a long 758 00:28:37,250 --> 00:28:35,910 duration flight from a health medical 759 00:28:39,320 --> 00:28:37,260 point of view are a little more 760 00:28:40,790 --> 00:28:39,330 stringent than they are for a for a 761 00:28:42,770 --> 00:28:40,800 shuttle mission so he had to meet all 762 00:28:45,050 --> 00:28:42,780 those requirement so even though I had 763 00:28:46,850 --> 00:28:45,060 you know 100 and some astronauts the 764 00:28:47,210 --> 00:28:46,860 number that were actually available to 765 00:28:49,549 --> 00:28:47,220 go 766 00:28:52,549 --> 00:28:49,559 why on the space station from a physical 767 00:28:54,140 --> 00:28:52,559 point of view was a lot smaller and then 768 00:28:56,720 --> 00:28:54,150 you wanted to have the right experience 769 00:28:58,549 --> 00:28:56,730 and everything to and then to sign up 770 00:29:00,890 --> 00:28:58,559 that commitment to learn all that they 771 00:29:04,310 --> 00:29:00,900 had to learn I mean I learn enough 772 00:29:06,500 --> 00:29:04,320 Russian to be socially active over there 773 00:29:08,570 --> 00:29:06,510 but to learn all the technical Russian 774 00:29:11,090 --> 00:29:08,580 to actually fly on us so use and work 775 00:29:13,399 --> 00:29:11,100 the Russian systems that was asking an 776 00:29:14,899 --> 00:29:13,409 awful lot of somebody so those first 777 00:29:18,740 --> 00:29:14,909 cruise it was really difficult finding 778 00:29:20,270 --> 00:29:18,750 the right folks and getting the 779 00:29:22,460 --> 00:29:20,280 commitment from him to do it and I never 780 00:29:24,409 --> 00:29:22,470 expected it would be as long as it was 781 00:29:26,060 --> 00:29:24,419 from when they got assigned to when we 782 00:29:28,190 --> 00:29:26,070 actually flew we had some slips there 783 00:29:30,710 --> 00:29:28,200 with the service module getting it on 784 00:29:33,649 --> 00:29:30,720 orbit to get the cruise up there but it 785 00:29:37,039 --> 00:29:33,659 all worked out and I remember Susan 786 00:29:39,529 --> 00:29:37,049 Helms in gym boss flew together with 787 00:29:43,070 --> 00:29:39,539 Yuri Ushakov on the on the second 788 00:29:45,860 --> 00:29:43,080 increment and Susan really didn't want 789 00:29:48,830 --> 00:29:45,870 to do it I don't think but she said yes 790 00:29:50,659 --> 00:29:48,840 and she threw herself into it and I was 791 00:29:52,460 --> 00:29:50,669 when she got back from her mission she 792 00:29:53,539 --> 00:29:52,470 said Bob I'm so happy that you assigned 793 00:29:55,340 --> 00:29:53,549 me to that flight that was such a 794 00:29:58,490 --> 00:29:55,350 wonderful experience it was so great to 795 00:30:00,919 --> 00:29:58,500 be on the space station in and do what 796 00:30:03,500 --> 00:30:00,929 we did and I think if you talk to any 797 00:30:05,330 --> 00:30:03,510 space station crew I'd give anything to 798 00:30:07,039 --> 00:30:05,340 go have a long-duration flight that's 799 00:30:10,490 --> 00:30:07,049 what it's really like to be in space 800 00:30:11,899 --> 00:30:10,500 shuttles phenomenal you know and but but 801 00:30:13,669 --> 00:30:11,909 living in space for an extended period 802 00:30:15,470 --> 00:30:13,679 of time that that's what it's all about 803 00:30:18,049 --> 00:30:15,480 so yeah those first space station crews 804 00:30:20,840 --> 00:30:18,059 it was it was hard and it's still hard 805 00:30:21,919 --> 00:30:20,850 it it asks an awful lot of folks but 806 00:30:24,500 --> 00:30:21,929 we've gotten a lot better at how we 807 00:30:26,390 --> 00:30:24,510 train we've shorten the training time I 808 00:30:28,310 --> 00:30:26,400 think things are working a lot better 809 00:30:30,049 --> 00:30:28,320 from that point of view but initially 810 00:30:32,000 --> 00:30:30,059 there was a lot of learning that had to 811 00:30:33,560 --> 00:30:32,010 go on to get to the point where you know 812 00:30:35,000 --> 00:30:33,570 we could get folks up there and work 813 00:30:38,529 --> 00:30:35,010 together with the Russians to make it 814 00:30:42,529 --> 00:30:38,539 happen you talk about station as a 815 00:30:46,070 --> 00:30:42,539 wonderful engineering test bed it was 816 00:30:47,870 --> 00:30:46,080 also a wonderful test bed for for 817 00:30:50,840 --> 00:30:47,880 learning procedures and processes and 818 00:30:53,530 --> 00:30:50,850 and I'll share one small and the sense 819 00:30:56,840 --> 00:30:53,540 we're into the storytelling part 820 00:30:58,370 --> 00:30:56,850 that was particularly important to be 821 00:31:01,520 --> 00:30:58,380 and was going to be important to you if 822 00:31:05,480 --> 00:31:01,530 we if we hadn't fixed the issue and it 823 00:31:07,100 --> 00:31:05,490 was on bill was one of the ones who was 824 00:31:08,600 --> 00:31:07,110 telling us find it on the ground and fix 825 00:31:10,610 --> 00:31:08,610 it on the ground I think he was the one 826 00:31:14,090 --> 00:31:10,620 who was trying to beat that into us 827 00:31:16,700 --> 00:31:14,100 those of us who were who had been media 828 00:31:18,680 --> 00:31:16,710 wasn't well are here well I should know 829 00:31:22,070 --> 00:31:18,690 you back and you mellowed a lot he was 830 00:31:24,650 --> 00:31:22,080 working is pretty good he was right and 831 00:31:27,190 --> 00:31:24,660 as an example for those of us who had to 832 00:31:30,169 --> 00:31:27,200 come out of that factory environment 833 00:31:33,110 --> 00:31:30,179 just the attention to detail that was 834 00:31:35,810 --> 00:31:33,120 required was a level above two things 835 00:31:37,340 --> 00:31:35,820 the notion of no travelled work nothing 836 00:31:40,430 --> 00:31:37,350 you can't have traveled work when you 837 00:31:42,230 --> 00:31:40,440 when you leave the cape traveled risk 838 00:31:43,730 --> 00:31:42,240 you want as little traveled risk as you 839 00:31:46,360 --> 00:31:43,740 can possibly live with when you leave 840 00:31:49,549 --> 00:31:46,370 the cape and that's a different 841 00:31:51,940 --> 00:31:49,559 mentality for folks who have started out 842 00:31:55,549 --> 00:31:51,950 in the factory well I remember we would 843 00:31:57,230 --> 00:31:55,559 unload one before we when we got 844 00:32:00,530 --> 00:31:57,240 everything done she was finished she was 845 00:32:03,230 --> 00:32:00,540 just complete and the the notion came up 846 00:32:05,540 --> 00:32:03,240 of well let's we've got an extra day so 847 00:32:07,220 --> 00:32:05,550 let's just do a whistle test and for 848 00:32:09,290 --> 00:32:07,230 those wouldn't we were called a whistle 849 00:32:11,390 --> 00:32:09,300 test was you just put a little pressure 850 00:32:16,010 --> 00:32:11,400 on it just to make sure that everything 851 00:32:17,450 --> 00:32:16,020 seals up and we were supremely confident 852 00:32:19,130 --> 00:32:17,460 that the whistle test was going to pass 853 00:32:23,000 --> 00:32:19,140 we had one day we might as well do it 854 00:32:25,610 --> 00:32:23,010 okay well we'll go do this so we hooked 855 00:32:29,110 --> 00:32:25,620 up a tank we put a little pressure on 856 00:32:32,450 --> 00:32:29,120 put a little air into it no pressure 857 00:32:35,419 --> 00:32:32,460 well our pucker factor went up we put a 858 00:32:38,030 --> 00:32:35,429 little more air into it no pressure well 859 00:32:40,130 --> 00:32:38,040 at that point it's it's really one of 860 00:32:42,710 --> 00:32:40,140 those everybody helped we're sounding 861 00:32:44,600 --> 00:32:42,720 the fire alarm Josie's come and running 862 00:32:47,120 --> 00:32:44,610 bill everybody's coming to try to figure 863 00:32:49,220 --> 00:32:47,130 out what what to what was going on and 864 00:32:52,370 --> 00:32:49,230 we kept trying and kept working with it 865 00:32:54,230 --> 00:32:52,380 could not figure out what was why we 866 00:32:56,630 --> 00:32:54,240 couldn't why it was not holding pressure 867 00:32:59,690 --> 00:32:56,640 and and that means it's not holding air 868 00:33:02,390 --> 00:32:59,700 and for there not to be air in it when 869 00:33:04,280 --> 00:33:02,400 Bob goes to open up the hatch on orbit 870 00:33:05,570 --> 00:33:04,290 would have been disastrous I mean it 871 00:33:09,110 --> 00:33:05,580 would have been the end of the program 872 00:33:10,700 --> 00:33:09,120 as it turns out we took what's called a 873 00:33:13,370 --> 00:33:10,710 sniffer and went around and at every 874 00:33:16,430 --> 00:33:13,380 single place where all over we were 875 00:33:18,140 --> 00:33:16,440 trying to find as we were putting helium 876 00:33:20,180 --> 00:33:18,150 in trying to find what was coming out in 877 00:33:23,690 --> 00:33:20,190 and we were going along and then at one 878 00:33:26,360 --> 00:33:23,700 place we got a big spike as turns out it 879 00:33:27,770 --> 00:33:26,370 was on one of the hatches we opened up 880 00:33:28,850 --> 00:33:27,780 the cover for the hatches and there was 881 00:33:30,890 --> 00:33:28,860 something called a manual pressure 882 00:33:32,960 --> 00:33:30,900 equalization valve and it's very simple 883 00:33:34,460 --> 00:33:32,970 it's on either side of a hatch and it 884 00:33:37,130 --> 00:33:34,470 has a little thing you just go like that 885 00:33:38,360 --> 00:33:37,140 you turn it one way and it's open you 886 00:33:42,080 --> 00:33:38,370 turn it the other way and it's closed 887 00:33:44,930 --> 00:33:42,090 well everything that we'd studied and 888 00:33:47,450 --> 00:33:44,940 understood and logic are logic which was 889 00:33:49,370 --> 00:33:47,460 flawed told us you turn it one direction 890 00:33:50,960 --> 00:33:49,380 and on the other side it's going to go 891 00:33:52,970 --> 00:33:50,970 right it was those things that made you 892 00:33:55,460 --> 00:33:52,980 think it went like that no it went like 893 00:33:57,410 --> 00:33:55,470 this you could do one side or the other 894 00:34:01,310 --> 00:33:57,420 and when you closed one it didn't 895 00:34:04,610 --> 00:34:01,320 necessarily close the other so this was 896 00:34:07,940 --> 00:34:04,620 just a simple a small little detail of 897 00:34:10,160 --> 00:34:07,950 the most minor nature and had we not 898 00:34:12,590 --> 00:34:10,170 found it had we not done that one little 899 00:34:16,220 --> 00:34:12,600 extra thing on that one little extra day 900 00:34:18,140 --> 00:34:16,230 just to make sure that we hadn't made 901 00:34:20,630 --> 00:34:18,150 some kind of a mistake it would have 902 00:34:23,120 --> 00:34:20,640 been a very bad outcome and I just can't 903 00:34:25,460 --> 00:34:23,130 tell you the number of little things 904 00:34:28,430 --> 00:34:25,470 like that i mean we proved to be pretty 905 00:34:30,740 --> 00:34:28,440 good at dealing with the big risks that 906 00:34:33,680 --> 00:34:30,750 we understood and studied and we had 907 00:34:36,020 --> 00:34:33,690 lots of people work on them the EIT was 908 00:34:38,750 --> 00:34:36,030 an example of a big test that came up 909 00:34:40,070 --> 00:34:38,760 with all kinds of little things that not 910 00:34:42,170 --> 00:34:40,080 because of in competence were 911 00:34:44,780 --> 00:34:42,180 unforeseeable because of the cold 912 00:34:47,660 --> 00:34:44,790 complexity and when you get a whole 913 00:34:50,180 --> 00:34:47,670 bunch of things working together they 914 00:34:51,800 --> 00:34:50,190 might not all work that they have a 915 00:34:53,540 --> 00:34:51,810 personality the hardware has its own 916 00:34:57,860 --> 00:34:53,550 personality and you have to accommodate 917 00:35:00,410 --> 00:34:57,870 that so that was the day that I got it 918 00:35:02,300 --> 00:35:00,420 you know my knees went weak thinking 919 00:35:04,670 --> 00:35:02,310 about what would have happened had we 920 00:35:07,880 --> 00:35:04,680 gotten on orbit and they're not been air 921 00:35:10,190 --> 00:35:07,890 in the note it was something that simple 922 00:35:11,480 --> 00:35:10,200 that we were sure we understood and you 923 00:35:13,160 --> 00:35:11,490 could look at it and see that when the 924 00:35:14,450 --> 00:35:13,170 hatch was up you couldn't see the inside 925 00:35:16,340 --> 00:35:14,460 and when the hatch was down in coverage 926 00:35:18,080 --> 00:35:16,350 you couldn't see the outside so even 927 00:35:18,870 --> 00:35:18,090 through all of our configuration it was 928 00:35:20,519 --> 00:35:18,880 one little thing 929 00:35:22,349 --> 00:35:20,529 slip through and it could have been that 930 00:35:25,019 --> 00:35:22,359 one little disastrous thing and and you 931 00:35:29,039 --> 00:35:25,029 guys who were Native KNC folks who had 932 00:35:30,839 --> 00:35:29,049 been shuttle launch ntds are done other 933 00:35:33,120 --> 00:35:30,849 things that had the heritage to come to 934 00:35:36,740 --> 00:35:33,130 us and explain to us how a small thing 935 00:35:39,660 --> 00:35:36,750 can lead to a very bad result was was 936 00:35:41,910 --> 00:35:39,670 instrumental and everybody getting 937 00:35:44,700 --> 00:35:41,920 behind taking the extra time to do the 938 00:35:47,249 --> 00:35:44,710 extranet in that I think that attitude 939 00:35:48,509 --> 00:35:47,259 is prevalent through the program in all 940 00:35:50,759 --> 00:35:48,519 the center's and all of our industry 941 00:35:53,039 --> 00:35:50,769 partners and so on that and enough you 942 00:35:55,410 --> 00:35:53,049 guys out here followed the pump module 943 00:35:56,819 --> 00:35:55,420 work that the guys in Houston Boeing and 944 00:35:57,990 --> 00:35:56,829 NASA guys take care when we had to pump 945 00:36:00,089 --> 00:35:58,000 module fail on orbit and how we 946 00:36:02,880 --> 00:36:00,099 recovered from that that same kind of 947 00:36:05,430 --> 00:36:02,890 thinking that same kind of how do we go 948 00:36:06,420 --> 00:36:05,440 fix this problem I mean you know we're 949 00:36:07,920 --> 00:36:06,430 calling out the has everything you need 950 00:36:09,420 --> 00:36:07,930 us to do or whatever and those guys are 951 00:36:11,160 --> 00:36:09,430 all busted they're trying to figure out 952 00:36:12,809 --> 00:36:11,170 how to how to take care of that that 953 00:36:14,819 --> 00:36:12,819 same kind of spirit has been prevalent 954 00:36:16,829 --> 00:36:14,829 since day one of this program and that's 955 00:36:19,109 --> 00:36:16,839 a just a more recent example of that 956 00:36:21,089 --> 00:36:19,119 very same thing it's a team effort and I 957 00:36:22,829 --> 00:36:21,099 think that's what space station has 958 00:36:25,380 --> 00:36:22,839 shown more than anything else is how we 959 00:36:26,849 --> 00:36:25,390 work together as a team and not just the 960 00:36:28,950 --> 00:36:26,859 international partners but hollow the 961 00:36:31,259 --> 00:36:28,960 NASA centers work together you know I 962 00:36:33,569 --> 00:36:31,269 was very fortunate because my position 963 00:36:35,009 --> 00:36:33,579 that I got to travel around and see the 964 00:36:36,990 --> 00:36:35,019 hardware at all the different centers 965 00:36:38,490 --> 00:36:37,000 and work with the different centers but 966 00:36:40,980 --> 00:36:38,500 it didn't matter whether I was going to 967 00:36:44,009 --> 00:36:40,990 Marshall working out at Sonny Carter 968 00:36:46,019 --> 00:36:44,019 coming here to the Cape it was one team 969 00:36:48,059 --> 00:36:46,029 pull them together to make it work and 970 00:36:50,460 --> 00:36:48,069 that we're still that way I think that's 971 00:36:52,829 --> 00:36:50,470 really really important say another 972 00:36:55,829 --> 00:36:52,839 thing that very much to the credit of 973 00:36:57,509 --> 00:36:55,839 NASA is and I'll pick on Mei T as an 974 00:36:59,880 --> 00:36:57,519 example or when we did some of the tests 975 00:37:02,460 --> 00:36:59,890 with the arm Josie was instrumental to 976 00:37:05,400 --> 00:37:02,470 when we would uncover something that was 977 00:37:08,039 --> 00:37:05,410 out of family it would be very easy to 978 00:37:10,049 --> 00:37:08,049 start looking for who to blame and that 979 00:37:11,940 --> 00:37:10,059 was never the case we would sit down and 980 00:37:14,069 --> 00:37:11,950 we'd say okay is the problem on your 981 00:37:15,990 --> 00:37:14,079 side or on my side maybe it's on both 982 00:37:17,519 --> 00:37:16,000 maybe it's all neither and there's 983 00:37:20,910 --> 00:37:17,529 something else that's coming in and and 984 00:37:22,380 --> 00:37:20,920 sitting down not creating creating a 985 00:37:25,170 --> 00:37:22,390 team environment and not creating an 986 00:37:27,839 --> 00:37:25,180 adversarial environment was allowed us 987 00:37:29,999 --> 00:37:27,849 to work through problems that were very 988 00:37:31,950 --> 00:37:30,009 complicated and do it pretty quickly or 989 00:37:32,680 --> 00:37:31,960 at least we felt like we were trying to 990 00:37:34,270 --> 00:37:32,690 get them soft 991 00:37:35,920 --> 00:37:34,280 wait I think I think all of us were so 992 00:37:37,720 --> 00:37:35,930 passionate about what we were doing it 993 00:37:40,240 --> 00:37:37,730 never occurred to anybody whenever the 994 00:37:41,589 --> 00:37:40,250 problem did occur to point fingers it 995 00:37:43,210 --> 00:37:41,599 was all about what do we need to do to 996 00:37:45,970 --> 00:37:43,220 get it done who could help us answer 997 00:37:48,370 --> 00:37:45,980 this question and and you learn to think 998 00:37:50,530 --> 00:37:48,380 big Lee here sorry broadly he you know 999 00:37:52,690 --> 00:37:50,540 it wasn't just who in this general team 1000 00:37:54,520 --> 00:37:52,700 can we go look to its you know who 1001 00:37:56,589 --> 00:37:54,530 across the nation who across the world 1002 00:38:00,550 --> 00:37:56,599 can can help us solve these problems it 1003 00:38:03,579 --> 00:38:00,560 was really an incredible experience you 1004 00:38:06,099 --> 00:38:03,589 were talking about the stories I had one 1005 00:38:09,339 --> 00:38:06,109 before that is not as exciting as Bob's 1006 00:38:12,730 --> 00:38:09,349 story I am I so I was a little different 1007 00:38:14,349 --> 00:38:12,740 than the rest of our station team in 1008 00:38:15,579 --> 00:38:14,359 those early days simply because of the 1009 00:38:18,670 --> 00:38:15,589 you know when working with them the 1010 00:38:21,130 --> 00:38:18,680 international partners I I was on I 1011 00:38:23,290 --> 00:38:21,140 would go and support them the integrated 1012 00:38:25,480 --> 00:38:23,300 test in Canada when those big big 1013 00:38:27,010 --> 00:38:25,490 element tests would occur and they 1014 00:38:29,920 --> 00:38:27,020 always occurred in the middle of the 1015 00:38:31,950 --> 00:38:29,930 winter in Toronto right so Florida girl 1016 00:38:33,880 --> 00:38:31,960 native Florida flirty and I go in 1017 00:38:35,920 --> 00:38:33,890 january-february margin also always took 1018 00:38:37,809 --> 00:38:35,930 three months to do to these tests and 1019 00:38:39,910 --> 00:38:37,819 you know is wonderful when he was a lot 1020 00:38:42,040 --> 00:38:39,920 of work we did the 12-hour days on great 1021 00:38:43,630 --> 00:38:42,050 teamwork there we'd bring in some of our 1022 00:38:45,309 --> 00:38:43,640 other NASA and contractors would come in 1023 00:38:47,890 --> 00:38:45,319 as well from from the u.s. to support 1024 00:38:49,150 --> 00:38:47,900 these tests but um you spent 12 hour 1025 00:38:50,980 --> 00:38:49,160 days you get to know the folks they 1026 00:38:52,210 --> 00:38:50,990 sometimes invite you home to their to 1027 00:38:53,770 --> 00:38:52,220 their families and you have dinner with 1028 00:38:57,280 --> 00:38:53,780 them I you know I learned to play to 1029 00:38:59,349 --> 00:38:57,290 curl I learned how to play snooker and I 1030 00:39:02,230 --> 00:38:59,359 learned to appreciate french fries with 1031 00:39:06,250 --> 00:39:02,240 cheese curd and mayonnaise I'm just 1032 00:39:08,829 --> 00:39:06,260 these unique things but usually right 1033 00:39:10,359 --> 00:39:08,839 towards the end of those home tests you 1034 00:39:13,030 --> 00:39:10,369 know you start to burn out a little bit 1035 00:39:14,260 --> 00:39:13,040 and I do remember being in you know the 1036 00:39:16,960 --> 00:39:14,270 hotel room so there's a lot of hotel 1037 00:39:18,670 --> 00:39:16,970 time as well and some in the hotel room 1038 00:39:20,589 --> 00:39:18,680 i'm watching TV and it was it would have 1039 00:39:22,510 --> 00:39:20,599 been in February I suppose and it was 1040 00:39:24,250 --> 00:39:22,520 the State of the Union and so it was the 1041 00:39:26,230 --> 00:39:24,260 President of the United States talking 1042 00:39:29,380 --> 00:39:26,240 to our nation about you know the state 1043 00:39:31,329 --> 00:39:29,390 of the union and they pan into the 1044 00:39:35,050 --> 00:39:31,339 audience and and sitting next to the 1045 00:39:38,800 --> 00:39:35,060 first lady was vodka vana in his blue 1046 00:39:41,829 --> 00:39:38,810 suit and so maybe that was the moment 1047 00:39:43,660 --> 00:39:41,839 for me David when I when I realized wow 1048 00:39:45,910 --> 00:39:43,670 what I'm doing some I'm doing something 1049 00:39:46,420 --> 00:39:45,920 that's larger than than anything I've 1050 00:39:48,130 --> 00:39:46,430 ever done 1051 00:39:51,339 --> 00:39:48,140 for this is really important building 1052 00:39:52,750 --> 00:39:51,349 the station is is um it's a grand thing 1053 00:39:55,299 --> 00:39:52,760 you know it's comparable to building the 1054 00:39:57,069 --> 00:39:55,309 pyramids and I think at that moment in 1055 00:39:59,620 --> 00:39:57,079 the hotel room I really really 1056 00:40:01,960 --> 00:39:59,630 appreciated the little role that I was 1057 00:40:05,260 --> 00:40:01,970 given in building this enormous some 1058 00:40:07,270 --> 00:40:05,270 enormous accomplishment you know it just 1059 00:40:09,190 --> 00:40:07,280 to see Bob and the blue suit sitting 1060 00:40:13,960 --> 00:40:09,200 next to the first lady was was just made 1061 00:40:15,430 --> 00:40:13,970 my whole I'm glad I made your day it was 1062 00:40:17,650 --> 00:40:15,440 kind of fun where my flight jacket and 1063 00:40:19,390 --> 00:40:17,660 sitting there yeah the the people that 1064 00:40:21,160 --> 00:40:19,400 sit next to the first lady are supposed 1065 00:40:23,020 --> 00:40:21,170 to be folks at him you know there's key 1066 00:40:24,609 --> 00:40:23,030 messages within the state of the union 1067 00:40:25,900 --> 00:40:24,619 address and they were going to it was 1068 00:40:27,940 --> 00:40:25,910 actually written in there to talk about 1069 00:40:29,620 --> 00:40:27,950 the first that was the year we flew the 1070 00:40:31,990 --> 00:40:29,630 first space station assembly mission and 1071 00:40:33,520 --> 00:40:32,000 stuff in the speech got rewritten a 1072 00:40:35,260 --> 00:40:33,530 little bit it still talked about NASA in 1073 00:40:37,299 --> 00:40:35,270 the future and stuff but the primary 1074 00:40:39,579 --> 00:40:37,309 emphasis and was John Glenn flying he 1075 00:40:41,799 --> 00:40:39,589 flew him he flew the flight before if 1076 00:40:43,870 --> 00:40:41,809 you remember the node going into space 1077 00:40:47,650 --> 00:40:43,880 and got a lot of a lot of attention 1078 00:40:49,420 --> 00:40:47,660 rightfully so good man you know talking 1079 00:40:51,490 --> 00:40:49,430 about the space station and what made it 1080 00:40:54,400 --> 00:40:51,500 successful you Randy Brinkley was a 1081 00:40:56,920 --> 00:40:54,410 program manager when we launched the FGB 1082 00:41:00,190 --> 00:40:56,930 in node 1 and he really pushed to to get 1083 00:41:02,349 --> 00:41:00,200 them up there we had some delays before 1084 00:41:03,520 --> 00:41:02,359 we got the the service module up there 1085 00:41:07,780 --> 00:41:03,530 and could actually get a crew on board 1086 00:41:10,240 --> 00:41:07,790 but Tommy Holloway following Randy did a 1087 00:41:13,059 --> 00:41:10,250 truly outstanding job pulling together 1088 00:41:16,480 --> 00:41:13,069 what was a program that had a lot of 1089 00:41:18,460 --> 00:41:16,490 budget problems getting a surplus built 1090 00:41:21,250 --> 00:41:18,470 back up keeping things on track bringing 1091 00:41:24,039 --> 00:41:21,260 technical solutions and in ops 1092 00:41:27,039 --> 00:41:24,049 experience to bear from his shuttle 1093 00:41:31,710 --> 00:41:27,049 experience in a Modi experience to make 1094 00:41:36,250 --> 00:41:31,720 it successful I remember after I flew my 1095 00:41:38,680 --> 00:41:36,260 my mission I was with the George Abby 1096 00:41:41,680 --> 00:41:38,690 was the center director at JSC at the 1097 00:41:44,349 --> 00:41:41,690 time and I was the commander gets some 1098 00:41:46,420 --> 00:41:44,359 time with the director to talk about the 1099 00:41:48,160 --> 00:41:46,430 mission and stuff and I just it was a 1100 00:41:51,910 --> 00:41:48,170 phenomenal flight from start to finish 1101 00:41:54,250 --> 00:41:51,920 it was perfect and I was just I was 1102 00:41:55,480 --> 00:41:54,260 telling George you know and he was tell 1103 00:41:57,099 --> 00:41:55,490 me what a great job we did and 1104 00:41:58,250 --> 00:41:57,109 everything and I said George I don't 1105 00:42:00,770 --> 00:41:58,260 know how I can top that 1106 00:42:04,220 --> 00:42:00,780 and he said well I don't know why you'd 1107 00:42:08,030 --> 00:42:04,230 want to try I said that's it I'm going 1108 00:42:09,650 --> 00:42:08,040 to be wearing a tie from now on and he 1109 00:42:12,830 --> 00:42:09,660 asked me to go down and work in the 1110 00:42:16,190 --> 00:42:12,840 space station program about a year after 1111 00:42:19,990 --> 00:42:16,200 that and I went to work for fur Tommy 1112 00:42:22,730 --> 00:42:20,000 and tommy was just an outstanding 1113 00:42:23,900 --> 00:42:22,740 program manager I learned an awful lot 1114 00:42:25,460 --> 00:42:23,910 from him as his manager for 1115 00:42:28,490 --> 00:42:25,470 international operations and we were 1116 00:42:30,680 --> 00:42:28,500 still doing a lot of negotiations even 1117 00:42:32,300 --> 00:42:30,690 back then on with our international 1118 00:42:35,180 --> 00:42:32,310 partners getting to where we needed to 1119 00:42:37,640 --> 00:42:35,190 be and Tommy had it right though you 1120 00:42:40,100 --> 00:42:37,650 know how space shuttle launches go 1121 00:42:41,540 --> 00:42:40,110 there's always a delay for weather or 1122 00:42:44,210 --> 00:42:41,550 something or some technical problem 1123 00:42:46,100 --> 00:42:44,220 Tommy would go to all the fr RS because 1124 00:42:47,960 --> 00:42:46,110 he knew that was a finite period of time 1125 00:42:50,330 --> 00:42:47,970 that he'd be down here and all that real 1126 00:42:51,980 --> 00:42:50,340 technical stuff would get discussed and 1127 00:42:53,420 --> 00:42:51,990 then he'd send me to the launches so 1128 00:42:55,700 --> 00:42:53,430 that he could stay and do work back in 1129 00:42:57,830 --> 00:42:55,710 Houston and I'd be the one down here to 1130 00:43:00,320 --> 00:42:57,840 handle all the media questions that what 1131 00:43:04,280 --> 00:43:00,330 was going on and suffer the delays you 1132 00:43:06,560 --> 00:43:04,290 know hit done here but he did a great 1133 00:43:09,950 --> 00:43:06,570 job and then you got to give bill 1134 00:43:12,470 --> 00:43:09,960 Gerstenmaier credit for for all that he 1135 00:43:15,140 --> 00:43:12,480 did his space station program manager 1136 00:43:16,970 --> 00:43:15,150 continuing to be frugal I remember when 1137 00:43:21,080 --> 00:43:16,980 I was over in Russia bill what's the 1138 00:43:23,360 --> 00:43:21,090 space station program manager and he was 1139 00:43:24,980 --> 00:43:23,370 trying to I ended up basically cutting 1140 00:43:26,630 --> 00:43:24,990 my budget in half over in Russia and 1141 00:43:30,170 --> 00:43:26,640 given the money to him so that he could 1142 00:43:32,660 --> 00:43:30,180 keep hardware movement and stuff he so 1143 00:43:34,970 --> 00:43:32,670 in course well now that i mentioned bill 1144 00:43:38,360 --> 00:43:34,980 you got to mention south and you know we 1145 00:43:41,240 --> 00:43:38,370 we've hit a great team leading the space 1146 00:43:42,950 --> 00:43:41,250 station absolutely you know you look at 1147 00:43:44,210 --> 00:43:42,960 i guess that i used to get to talk to 1148 00:43:45,980 --> 00:43:44,220 Bob in the morning when he was at the 1149 00:43:48,740 --> 00:43:45,990 deputy program manager and mr. 1150 00:43:50,660 --> 00:43:48,750 Gerstenmaier came along and 1151 00:43:52,460 --> 00:43:50,670 and Mike Mike was in the vehicle office 1152 00:43:53,990 --> 00:43:52,470 at the time not a lot of conversation 1153 00:43:55,460 --> 00:43:54,000 with him so I I count myself lucky 1154 00:43:56,750 --> 00:43:55,470 getting to call you guys up and talk 1155 00:43:58,640 --> 00:43:56,760 about what was going on in Florida that 1156 00:44:00,950 --> 00:43:58,650 was that was a fun part of the job being 1157 00:44:02,720 --> 00:44:00,960 able to interface with you guys and also 1158 00:44:03,980 --> 00:44:02,730 you guys are all hardware junkies so you 1159 00:44:06,890 --> 00:44:03,990 know that made it even easier things 1160 00:44:09,440 --> 00:44:06,900 that was the neat thing so I'm is set I 1161 00:44:11,540 --> 00:44:09,450 think you know it's it's great being at 1162 00:44:13,280 --> 00:44:11,550 the level we're at now but I still miss 1163 00:44:16,520 --> 00:44:13,290 getting into the technical discussions 1164 00:44:18,500 --> 00:44:16,530 and I I still don't have my blackberry 1165 00:44:20,570 --> 00:44:18,510 on me so it doesn't buzz but I still get 1166 00:44:22,220 --> 00:44:20,580 notes from the MER on what's going on 1167 00:44:25,040 --> 00:44:22,230 with Space Station even though I'm over 1168 00:44:28,010 --> 00:44:25,050 here just like II keep track that's one 1169 00:44:29,870 --> 00:44:28,020 of the things that I always found 1170 00:44:31,280 --> 00:44:29,880 intriguing is it as a tall level I mean 1171 00:44:33,230 --> 00:44:31,290 that the leaders that you were talking 1172 00:44:35,720 --> 00:44:33,240 about there and all the broad skills 1173 00:44:38,390 --> 00:44:35,730 that that are necessary but no matter 1174 00:44:39,920 --> 00:44:38,400 what problem we encountered you could 1175 00:44:43,250 --> 00:44:39,930 never tell who was going to walk through 1176 00:44:45,140 --> 00:44:43,260 the door with a solution or where they 1177 00:44:48,080 --> 00:44:45,150 were going to come from or what their 1178 00:44:51,050 --> 00:44:48,090 background was going to be you know they 1179 00:44:54,320 --> 00:44:51,060 but some of the most surprising people 1180 00:44:56,030 --> 00:44:54,330 had a depth of knowledge how to go 1181 00:44:58,550 --> 00:44:56,040 practically solve some really 1182 00:45:00,980 --> 00:44:58,560 complicated problem that was just 1183 00:45:02,300 --> 00:45:00,990 fantastic and they were all always 1184 00:45:05,660 --> 00:45:02,310 willing to do it always enthusiastic 1185 00:45:08,480 --> 00:45:05,670 about jumping in and and you know that 1186 00:45:11,120 --> 00:45:08,490 really we didn't have the skills here to 1187 00:45:12,950 --> 00:45:11,130 solve a lot of the problems you know it 1188 00:45:14,990 --> 00:45:12,960 required that somebody from outside come 1189 00:45:17,000 --> 00:45:15,000 in and help us and the enthusiasm with 1190 00:45:19,460 --> 00:45:17,010 which they did that both in the 1191 00:45:21,740 --> 00:45:19,470 contractor world endin and NASA was just 1192 00:45:24,110 --> 00:45:21,750 fantastic so all that hard technical 1193 00:45:26,630 --> 00:45:24,120 work that we did over the years you know 1194 00:45:28,430 --> 00:45:26,640 there had to be a little socializing to 1195 00:45:31,280 --> 00:45:28,440 that went on and I think we did we had 1196 00:45:33,950 --> 00:45:31,290 some great team-building exercises now 1197 00:45:37,340 --> 00:45:33,960 over in Russia team-building can take on 1198 00:45:38,600 --> 00:45:37,350 a whole new context and we had our crews 1199 00:45:42,850 --> 00:45:38,610 that were over there the Russians 1200 00:45:45,500 --> 00:45:42,860 actually built three cottages duplexes 1201 00:45:47,780 --> 00:45:45,510 for the crews in their families to stand 1202 00:45:52,220 --> 00:45:47,790 while they were training over in Russia 1203 00:45:54,800 --> 00:45:52,230 and Shep being the first crew there were 1204 00:45:57,320 --> 00:45:54,810 two things that in its cottage number 1205 00:45:59,780 --> 00:45:57,330 three he had to have first off you had 1206 00:46:02,390 --> 00:45:59,790 to have a gym Shep was a weightlifter so 1207 00:46:04,460 --> 00:46:02,400 in the basement of cottage three there 1208 00:46:08,150 --> 00:46:04,470 there's a gym with a lot of free weights 1209 00:46:11,890 --> 00:46:08,160 and in other stuff and and then ship 1210 00:46:15,430 --> 00:46:11,900 built chefs bar in the other side and 1211 00:46:19,160 --> 00:46:15,440 it's a it's an amazing place it's a real 1212 00:46:20,569 --> 00:46:19,170 social gathering place over there when 1213 00:46:24,140 --> 00:46:20,579 at the end of the day when trainings 1214 00:46:24,980 --> 00:46:24,150 done and you know it's got I can't tell 1215 00:46:26,779 --> 00:46:24,990 you the number of people that have 1216 00:46:29,569 --> 00:46:26,789 signed this thing Tom Hanks has signed 1217 00:46:33,859 --> 00:46:29,579 it you know when he was over there it's 1218 00:46:35,480 --> 00:46:33,869 a it's a unique environment to get 1219 00:46:38,960 --> 00:46:35,490 together over there after a launcher 1220 00:46:42,260 --> 00:46:38,970 landing and in have a have social time 1221 00:46:43,789 --> 00:46:42,270 with with everybody I think we have a 1222 00:46:44,960 --> 00:46:43,799 time for a few questions I think some 1223 00:46:46,190 --> 00:46:44,970 some folks at the audience if you'd 1224 00:46:47,690 --> 00:46:46,200 raise your hands and they wait for the 1225 00:46:51,529 --> 00:46:47,700 mic and identify yourself we'll start 1226 00:46:55,549 --> 00:46:51,539 with Dan billow dan billow from w/e sh t 1227 00:46:57,829 --> 00:46:55,559 be and i appreciate the discussion it 1228 00:47:00,440 --> 00:46:57,839 for Bob and anyone else who wants to 1229 00:47:03,620 --> 00:47:00,450 jump in we kind of don't appreciate 1230 00:47:06,620 --> 00:47:03,630 things till they're gone sometimes could 1231 00:47:08,990 --> 00:47:06,630 you discuss a little bit how the space 1232 00:47:11,630 --> 00:47:09,000 station is kind of a monument to the 1233 00:47:13,250 --> 00:47:11,640 capabilities of the space shuttle we 1234 00:47:15,250 --> 00:47:13,260 couldn't we could not have done the 1235 00:47:18,559 --> 00:47:15,260 space station without the space shuttle 1236 00:47:20,420 --> 00:47:18,569 it wouldn't be there today when you look 1237 00:47:22,609 --> 00:47:20,430 at what the Space Shuttle can do the 1238 00:47:24,559 --> 00:47:22,619 math it can carry to orbit the crew 1239 00:47:27,410 --> 00:47:24,569 capability the EV a capability the 1240 00:47:30,710 --> 00:47:27,420 robotic capabilities the flexibility 1241 00:47:33,620 --> 00:47:30,720 that the that the shuttle provides for 1242 00:47:36,829 --> 00:47:33,630 getting stuff up and down it just it 1243 00:47:42,829 --> 00:47:36,839 wouldn't happen without the space 1244 00:47:44,990 --> 00:47:42,839 shuttle absolutely and certainly the the 1245 00:47:47,569 --> 00:47:45,000 expertise of people who were involved 1246 00:47:51,019 --> 00:47:47,579 here at i'm sure all over the country 1247 00:47:53,329 --> 00:47:51,029 but my experience here at KSC who had 1248 00:47:55,069 --> 00:47:53,339 shuttle program experience and then 1249 00:47:57,980 --> 00:47:55,079 brought that directly from the north end 1250 00:47:59,630 --> 00:47:57,990 of que se down to the industrial area to 1251 00:48:02,180 --> 00:47:59,640 help us make sure that we learned for 1252 00:48:04,940 --> 00:48:02,190 the lessons of the shuttle program was 1253 00:48:06,799 --> 00:48:04,950 just invaluable in our success you 1254 00:48:08,620 --> 00:48:06,809 another question the front row ken did 1255 00:48:11,540 --> 00:48:08,630 you have one 1256 00:48:13,970 --> 00:48:11,550 hi ken kremer for Space Flight magazine 1257 00:48:16,520 --> 00:48:13,980 well I'm very impressed by your very 1258 00:48:18,650 --> 00:48:16,530 complexity of the ISS you talked about 1259 00:48:20,120 --> 00:48:18,660 all these insidious little little 1260 00:48:23,870 --> 00:48:20,130 difficulties I think the public doesn't 1261 00:48:25,820 --> 00:48:23,880 have any really idea about this was 1262 00:48:27,650 --> 00:48:25,830 there anything that that you missed in 1263 00:48:30,370 --> 00:48:27,660 all of these problems a problem that you 1264 00:48:32,900 --> 00:48:30,380 found on orbit and I'm also wondering um 1265 00:48:34,640 --> 00:48:32,910 Hubble did you learn any lessons from 1266 00:48:36,800 --> 00:48:34,650 Hubble the difficulties initially with 1267 00:48:39,260 --> 00:48:36,810 Hubble that you were able to apply it 1268 00:48:41,750 --> 00:48:39,270 maybe even in a management perspective 1269 00:48:47,359 --> 00:48:41,760 to how you dealt with problems on the 1270 00:48:49,970 --> 00:48:47,369 ISS well I think ISS was designed for 1271 00:48:51,829 --> 00:48:49,980 crew interaction not just in the 1272 00:48:54,620 --> 00:48:51,839 internal environment but from an eda 1273 00:48:57,920 --> 00:48:54,630 point of view to be able to change 1274 00:49:00,530 --> 00:48:57,930 modules I mean you can talk more about 1275 00:49:05,050 --> 00:49:00,540 that bill well it what I was what struck 1276 00:49:07,550 --> 00:49:05,060 me in your question you know from how we 1277 00:49:09,620 --> 00:49:07,560 built and tested the early elements 1278 00:49:11,839 --> 00:49:09,630 point of view we took the approach when 1279 00:49:13,460 --> 00:49:11,849 we went to work with the Boeing guys the 1280 00:49:15,320 --> 00:49:13,470 rocketdyne guys it was at the time on 1281 00:49:17,060 --> 00:49:15,330 canoga park we took the approach we're 1282 00:49:18,650 --> 00:49:17,070 going to write requirements to go 1283 00:49:20,780 --> 00:49:18,660 certify this vehicle for flight we're 1284 00:49:23,270 --> 00:49:20,790 going to write down everything and I 1285 00:49:24,920 --> 00:49:23,280 mean everything that we think we need to 1286 00:49:26,300 --> 00:49:24,930 do to certify this hardware we don't 1287 00:49:27,800 --> 00:49:26,310 we're not going to look at is it 1288 00:49:30,500 --> 00:49:27,810 possible to do this test or is it 1289 00:49:31,760 --> 00:49:30,510 possible to do this work on the ground 1290 00:49:33,740 --> 00:49:31,770 we're going to write it down then we're 1291 00:49:35,839 --> 00:49:33,750 going to figure out afterward if we can 1292 00:49:37,490 --> 00:49:35,849 or can't and what that means to us from 1293 00:49:40,250 --> 00:49:37,500 a risk point of view and then tell the 1294 00:49:43,010 --> 00:49:40,260 boss is how we're doing and so with that 1295 00:49:47,930 --> 00:49:43,020 kind of approach I think I think we 1296 00:49:50,089 --> 00:49:47,940 precluded not finding things that would 1297 00:49:52,370 --> 00:49:50,099 have been a showstopper or that or that 1298 00:49:55,040 --> 00:49:52,380 the the problems that you encountered on 1299 00:49:57,800 --> 00:49:55,050 orbit whirr whirr of a nature that we're 1300 00:49:59,540 --> 00:49:57,810 fixable and you know we we can upload 1301 00:50:00,829 --> 00:49:59,550 software we can you know if a piece 1302 00:50:02,300 --> 00:50:00,839 isn't working we can take something up 1303 00:50:04,070 --> 00:50:02,310 and next time but there there's never 1304 00:50:07,579 --> 00:50:04,080 been something really it was so big or 1305 00:50:09,079 --> 00:50:07,589 so problematic that we couldn't make do 1306 00:50:11,000 --> 00:50:09,089 with what we had on orbit and get on 1307 00:50:13,099 --> 00:50:11,010 with the next mission and again I think 1308 00:50:15,560 --> 00:50:13,109 that comes back to the the whole gang 1309 00:50:17,300 --> 00:50:15,570 looking at the how you're going to go do 1310 00:50:19,660 --> 00:50:17,310 this work on the ground to certify for 1311 00:50:22,299 --> 00:50:19,670 flight and make sure that it that it 1312 00:50:24,549 --> 00:50:22,309 fit the bill and I would say we were we 1313 00:50:26,650 --> 00:50:24,559 were successful we were we did a good 1314 00:50:28,780 --> 00:50:26,660 job of that but we did find stuff I mean 1315 00:50:30,490 --> 00:50:28,790 every mission I think there's been some 1316 00:50:33,010 --> 00:50:30,500 little thing that's popped up on my 1317 00:50:35,109 --> 00:50:33,020 flight one of the those hatches on the 1318 00:50:37,390 --> 00:50:35,119 space station are very complex the large 1319 00:50:40,720 --> 00:50:37,400 ones in we had a hat it wouldn't open 1320 00:50:42,520 --> 00:50:40,730 all the way and as a result of that we 1321 00:50:44,230 --> 00:50:42,530 studied it came back and we had to 1322 00:50:46,059 --> 00:50:44,240 readjust how we do the hatch systems 1323 00:50:48,099 --> 00:50:46,069 wats that I hatches that we've done the 1324 00:50:50,230 --> 00:50:48,109 MPL ms are going up they got those mods 1325 00:50:52,630 --> 00:50:50,240 that I've know to got the mod no three 1326 00:50:55,299 --> 00:50:52,640 got the mod so you know we've learned 1327 00:50:57,970 --> 00:50:55,309 and kept right on doing so you know it's 1328 00:50:59,500 --> 00:50:57,980 like the covers on the cupola one of 1329 00:51:01,089 --> 00:50:59,510 them not being able to be installed 1330 00:51:03,250 --> 00:51:01,099 right away because of the little 1331 00:51:05,380 --> 00:51:03,260 different you know so I mean there's 1332 00:51:06,910 --> 00:51:05,390 been stuff like that but if we haven't 1333 00:51:08,470 --> 00:51:06,920 been able to fix it most of the times we 1334 00:51:11,230 --> 00:51:08,480 get it fixed well the shuttle is up 1335 00:51:12,640 --> 00:51:11,240 there during that mission sometimes we 1336 00:51:14,230 --> 00:51:12,650 gotta study a little bit more and send 1337 00:51:17,440 --> 00:51:14,240 up something else on the next flight but 1338 00:51:18,819 --> 00:51:17,450 you know overall there is there hasn't 1339 00:51:20,530 --> 00:51:18,829 been any showstoppers there's been 1340 00:51:23,109 --> 00:51:20,540 nothing critical that has not been 1341 00:51:24,460 --> 00:51:23,119 caught on the ground you again you're 1342 00:51:26,140 --> 00:51:24,470 going back to the pump module thing that 1343 00:51:27,849 --> 00:51:26,150 we dealt with not too long ago on orbit 1344 00:51:29,980 --> 00:51:27,859 you look at that I mean that is a 1345 00:51:32,530 --> 00:51:29,990 testament to what we're capable of doing 1346 00:51:34,030 --> 00:51:32,540 and you just you know again being a 1347 00:51:36,940 --> 00:51:34,040 bystander for that but i'm just still 1348 00:51:39,190 --> 00:51:36,950 amazed that that worked as well so the 1349 00:51:40,990 --> 00:51:39,200 combination that that flight ops team in 1350 00:51:42,339 --> 00:51:41,000 houston the ground ops team around the 1351 00:51:44,349 --> 00:51:42,349 rest of the agency i think we did a heck 1352 00:51:46,480 --> 00:51:44,359 of a job flushing all that stuff out so 1353 00:51:47,740 --> 00:51:46,490 we didn't have a showstopper and that 1354 00:51:50,650 --> 00:51:47,750 was done without the shuttle being up 1355 00:51:53,530 --> 00:51:50,660 there that was all ISS crew pre-planned 1356 00:51:56,829 --> 00:51:53,540 with hardware store spares stowed on 1357 00:51:59,260 --> 00:51:56,839 orbit ready to get the job done pretty 1358 00:52:01,180 --> 00:51:59,270 amazing even today you can reach across 1359 00:52:03,370 --> 00:52:01,190 the entire agency for problem solving 1360 00:52:04,750 --> 00:52:03,380 same and that problem occurred some of 1361 00:52:06,400 --> 00:52:04,760 the folks that worked on the ground from 1362 00:52:08,500 --> 00:52:06,410 from years past you know they still have 1363 00:52:10,780 --> 00:52:08,510 contacts back with it with the myrrh and 1364 00:52:14,079 --> 00:52:10,790 so again even those on orbit problems 1365 00:52:15,760 --> 00:52:14,089 our team efforts to resolve the phones 1366 00:52:17,890 --> 00:52:15,770 we all turned off when we walked in here 1367 00:52:20,170 --> 00:52:17,900 to talk to you guys you're turned on the 1368 00:52:21,670 --> 00:52:20,180 other 24 hours a day in case something 1369 00:52:23,289 --> 00:52:21,680 comes up that the guys in Houston or 1370 00:52:25,230 --> 00:52:23,299 wherever around the country if they want 1371 00:52:27,800 --> 00:52:25,240 our help they know how to get all those 1372 00:52:31,020 --> 00:52:27,810 and we're glad to provide 1373 00:52:33,420 --> 00:52:31,030 Steve del black fox Orlando Bob you'd 1374 00:52:37,410 --> 00:52:33,430 said the real worth was in learning how 1375 00:52:38,820 --> 00:52:37,420 to live on in orbit is the mission now 1376 00:52:40,470 --> 00:52:38,830 going to change a little bit after the 1377 00:52:42,720 --> 00:52:40,480 shuttle retires in the in the next ten 1378 00:52:45,210 --> 00:52:42,730 years of doing more science ages what's 1379 00:52:46,770 --> 00:52:45,220 going to change now with shuttle 1380 00:52:48,510 --> 00:52:46,780 retirement in the last 10 years of this 1381 00:52:50,990 --> 00:52:48,520 space absolutely we're going to do more 1382 00:52:56,220 --> 00:52:51,000 science I mean it is a phenomenal 1383 00:52:57,690 --> 00:52:56,230 science lab a national asset and you 1384 00:52:59,220 --> 00:52:57,700 know we've finally gotten to the point 1385 00:53:00,630 --> 00:52:59,230 where we've completed it we got a crew 1386 00:53:03,570 --> 00:53:00,640 of six on board they're already doing 1387 00:53:05,100 --> 00:53:03,580 outstanding science up there in learning 1388 00:53:08,280 --> 00:53:05,110 a lot so yes it's going to be a 1389 00:53:10,500 --> 00:53:08,290 phenomenal science test bed me being an 1390 00:53:13,320 --> 00:53:10,510 engineer not a scientist I look at what 1391 00:53:14,700 --> 00:53:13,330 can we learn we're going exploring we're 1392 00:53:16,350 --> 00:53:14,710 going to leave our home planet we're 1393 00:53:17,820 --> 00:53:16,360 going to you know have commercial 1394 00:53:18,960 --> 00:53:17,830 operations to low Earth orbit we're 1395 00:53:21,390 --> 00:53:18,970 going to build something that allows us 1396 00:53:23,010 --> 00:53:21,400 to to leave Earth well what do we need 1397 00:53:24,480 --> 00:53:23,020 for that you know we've got a lot of 1398 00:53:26,720 --> 00:53:24,490 systems that we have to prove if you 1399 00:53:29,850 --> 00:53:26,730 look at the the oxygen generation system 1400 00:53:31,410 --> 00:53:29,860 on the space station the carbon dioxide 1401 00:53:34,920 --> 00:53:31,420 removal system we are constantly 1402 00:53:37,140 --> 00:53:34,930 tweaking in repairing them up there you 1403 00:53:39,960 --> 00:53:37,150 know we have to have totally reliable 1404 00:53:42,300 --> 00:53:39,970 systems when we leave our home planet 1405 00:53:43,350 --> 00:53:42,310 for an extended period of time and we're 1406 00:53:45,150 --> 00:53:43,360 not going to be able to carry all the 1407 00:53:48,090 --> 00:53:45,160 spare parts along with us or have all 1408 00:53:49,800 --> 00:53:48,100 the you know the resupply as we're going 1409 00:53:53,220 --> 00:53:49,810 to a new destination it's got to work 1410 00:53:55,680 --> 00:53:53,230 when we go and we're learning that on 1411 00:53:57,600 --> 00:53:55,690 Space Station we're figuring that out I 1412 00:54:02,970 --> 00:53:57,610 think that that's really important to me 1413 00:54:06,300 --> 00:54:02,980 I folks I Greg below news 13 appreciate 1414 00:54:08,160 --> 00:54:06,310 the briefing today tomorrow whether you 1415 00:54:10,500 --> 00:54:08,170 know it or not is the one-year 1416 00:54:12,990 --> 00:54:10,510 anniversary of the area's 1x rocket test 1417 00:54:15,600 --> 00:54:13,000 rocket curious to know from each of you 1418 00:54:17,460 --> 00:54:15,610 or whoever would like to jump in the 1419 00:54:19,080 --> 00:54:17,470 thoughts of what has become the 1420 00:54:20,190 --> 00:54:19,090 International Space Station what still 1421 00:54:21,780 --> 00:54:20,200 will become the International Space 1422 00:54:25,230 --> 00:54:21,790 Station over the next several years and 1423 00:54:27,930 --> 00:54:25,240 also the unwritten chapters that are to 1424 00:54:29,850 --> 00:54:27,940 be the next step which we do not know 1425 00:54:32,039 --> 00:54:29,860 now that constellation has kind of been 1426 00:54:35,269 --> 00:54:32,049 put on hold your thoughts 1427 00:54:37,679 --> 00:54:35,279 yep I think it's very clear through the 1428 00:54:40,679 --> 00:54:37,689 authorization act that's been put into 1429 00:54:42,569 --> 00:54:40,689 law it's it's telling us that we are 1430 00:54:45,239 --> 00:54:42,579 going to go with commercial access to 1431 00:54:48,749 --> 00:54:45,249 the space station we're going to make 1432 00:54:51,689 --> 00:54:48,759 that work we've the CC dev effort that's 1433 00:54:54,599 --> 00:54:51,699 going on Planning Office is leading that 1434 00:54:57,829 --> 00:54:54,609 here at KSC working very closely with 1435 00:55:00,779 --> 00:54:57,839 our folks at the Johnson Space Center 1436 00:55:03,140 --> 00:55:00,789 that is where we're going we have been 1437 00:55:06,539 --> 00:55:03,150 directed to build a heavy lift rocket to 1438 00:55:09,269 --> 00:55:06,549 to come up with this architecture that 1439 00:55:12,209 --> 00:55:09,279 allows us to go anywhere to asteroids to 1440 00:55:15,150 --> 00:55:12,219 the moon Mars you name it we have a 1441 00:55:18,569 --> 00:55:15,160 future and I think it's very clear we're 1442 00:55:26,999 --> 00:55:18,579 going to make that happen any other 1443 00:55:29,249 --> 00:55:27,009 questions I think we I know I read a ESO 1444 00:55:30,509 --> 00:55:29,259 was talking about using space station in 1445 00:55:32,939 --> 00:55:30,519 the future in the next 10 years as a 1446 00:55:35,669 --> 00:55:32,949 kind of a platform to launch from for 1447 00:55:37,679 --> 00:55:35,679 even further earth or you know further 1448 00:55:39,900 --> 00:55:37,689 space exploration longer term the moon 1449 00:55:41,939 --> 00:55:39,910 Mars is there any discussion about that 1450 00:55:45,449 --> 00:55:41,949 using it just beyond the orbit but as a 1451 00:55:47,969 --> 00:55:45,459 platform for further human exploration I 1452 00:55:50,640 --> 00:55:47,979 haven't had those discussions I haven't 1453 00:55:52,559 --> 00:55:50,650 directly but but um it's not a leap of 1454 00:55:54,329 --> 00:55:52,569 faith to envision the International 1455 00:55:56,640 --> 00:55:54,339 Space Station as a platform to do future 1456 00:55:58,410 --> 00:55:56,650 exploration it's in a position on orbit 1457 00:56:00,959 --> 00:55:58,420 where international partners can reach 1458 00:56:03,059 --> 00:56:00,969 and so it's kind of a logical orbit to 1459 00:56:04,739 --> 00:56:03,069 be able to involve international 1460 00:56:06,359 --> 00:56:04,749 partners but a lot of that again I 1461 00:56:09,179 --> 00:56:06,369 haven't been involved in any direct on 1462 00:56:12,509 --> 00:56:09,189 conversations that you know no but the 1463 00:56:14,039 --> 00:56:12,519 capability is there and you know it's 1464 00:56:16,169 --> 00:56:14,049 it's an orbiting laboratory but it's 1465 00:56:18,660 --> 00:56:16,179 also a platform for future exploration 1466 00:56:20,939 --> 00:56:18,670 yeah I think that's another key thing 1467 00:56:22,349 --> 00:56:20,949 that the space station has given us when 1468 00:56:24,179 --> 00:56:22,359 you look at the international model and 1469 00:56:26,279 --> 00:56:24,189 how we work together and what we've 1470 00:56:28,169 --> 00:56:26,289 accomplished up there it really has set 1471 00:56:30,660 --> 00:56:28,179 the standard for when we leave our home 1472 00:56:33,209 --> 00:56:30,670 planet how we press forward with 1473 00:56:35,939 --> 00:56:33,219 international cooperation in and make it 1474 00:56:37,979 --> 00:56:35,949 work because it you know exploration in 1475 00:56:40,919 --> 00:56:37,989 space it's very expensive it's difficult 1476 00:56:43,349 --> 00:56:40,929 it's hard it's challenging you know I 1477 00:56:44,759 --> 00:56:43,359 was talking out at the pad today looking 1478 00:56:45,750 --> 00:56:44,769 at the vehicle I went out there this 1479 00:56:48,690 --> 00:56:45,760 morning you did it 1480 00:56:50,730 --> 00:56:48,700 down with the crew it's sunrise and you 1481 00:56:53,220 --> 00:56:50,740 look at that orbiter and what it takes 1482 00:56:54,780 --> 00:56:53,230 to process it and get it ready and the 1483 00:56:56,820 --> 00:56:54,790 general public doesn't appreciate that 1484 00:56:58,320 --> 00:56:56,830 they see a rocket take off and I think 1485 00:57:00,030 --> 00:56:58,330 wow that's really neat you know they see 1486 00:57:01,560 --> 00:57:00,040 the space station on orbit and the crews 1487 00:57:04,410 --> 00:57:01,570 flying through it and all that stuff and 1488 00:57:06,120 --> 00:57:04,420 they don't realize the effort that we go 1489 00:57:09,870 --> 00:57:06,130 through on the ground to make it 1490 00:57:11,340 --> 00:57:09,880 successful to keep humans alive and safe 1491 00:57:14,310 --> 00:57:11,350 up there in that harsh environment of 1492 00:57:15,990 --> 00:57:14,320 space it's you know it's a vacuum it's 1493 00:57:18,060 --> 00:57:16,000 really cold in the shade and it's really 1494 00:57:19,800 --> 00:57:18,070 hot in the Sun and there's no air to 1495 00:57:22,320 --> 00:57:19,810 breathe and it's easy to put a satellite 1496 00:57:24,090 --> 00:57:22,330 up there but to put a human up there and 1497 00:57:27,020 --> 00:57:24,100 keep them alive and safe and bring them 1498 00:57:29,460 --> 00:57:27,030 home safely it's a lot of hard work and 1499 00:57:31,590 --> 00:57:29,470 the international effort that we have 1500 00:57:33,270 --> 00:57:31,600 going on how we're working together I 1501 00:57:35,130 --> 00:57:33,280 think it's going to be a great model for 1502 00:57:38,970 --> 00:57:35,140 how we proceed when we leave our home 1503 00:57:41,130 --> 00:57:38,980 planet and on that note that's all the 1504 00:57:43,590 --> 00:57:41,140 time we have here at Kennedy for for our 1505 00:57:45,240 --> 00:57:43,600 portion of the anniversary of the space 1506 00:57:46,890 --> 00:57:45,250 station so we'd like to wrap this up 1507 00:57:48,960 --> 00:57:46,900 thank you for coming the next briefing